Everyone who is a participant in traffic must comply with certain requirements. They are installed to preserve the life and health of people, prevent damage to vehicles and other property.
The general culture of road users
Subjects are forbidden to contaminate and damage sections of the carriageway, render them unusable, remove or install traffic lights, signs and other technical means. It is not allowed to create artificial obstacles, block the passage, leave objects on the tracks that could interfere with the movement of people and vehicles.
Road user: SDA
Regulatory requirements are mandatory for all entities located in the carriageway zone. A road user is a person moving on foot or in a vehicle. Regardless of how exactly the movement occurs in the area of the roadway, the subject must comply with the requirements of traffic signals and signs, orders of traffic controllers, provisions of regulatory documents. If a person is outside the vehicle and does not perform work on the site, he acts as a pedestrian. A road user can travel in a wheelchair without an engine. This category of subjects also includes a person who drives a cart, sleigh, moped, motorcycle, etc. A person who is driving a vehicle is a driver, or a passenger sitting next to or behind. The road user must move along established lanes, sections, passages.
Allowed Places
Safety rules for road users require people outside the vehicles to use sidewalks and special walkways. If they are missing, you can navigate along the sidelines. A cyclist - a road user - must use special lanes along the edges of the roadway. Moving is allowed both in and against the direction of vehicles. Outside of settlements, in the absence of specially designated lanes and curbs, it is allowed to meet the traffic flow along the edge of the highway.
Roadway Crossing
It provides for special sections along which a road user can move. These are places marked with appropriate signs or markings (or both). In such areas, people cross the roadway. If there is no marking, the width of the transition is set by the distance between the characters. At intersections, you can cross the carriageway along the line of roadsides or sidewalks. Outside the settlements, the transition is allowed to be carried out by choosing the shortest path. In this case, the roadway should be well visible in both directions. If there is a working traffic light or traffic controller, the transition is carried out according to their signals.
Moving groups
The behavior of road users should not create an emergency on the roadway. In this regard, groups can move along the right side of the route in columns. In each of them there should be no more than 4 people in the 1st row. Accompanying persons should move on the left side in front and behind the columns. In the daytime they follow with red flags, in conditions of poor visibility or in the dark - with burning lights (white in front, red in the back). Children's groups can only be accompanied by adults and exclusively along footpaths and sidewalks. In the absence of such sites, it is allowed to move along the curbs, but in the daytime. These are the main responsibilities of road users outside the vehicle.
Additionally
At unregulated crossings, pedestrians are allowed to enter the road only after they have estimated the distance to the transport approaching them and the speed of the vehicles. You must make sure that the intersection of the roadway does not pose a threat to their life and health. When crossing the road outside the marking zone, pedestrians should not interfere with the movement of the vehicle. It is forbidden to leave due to a static vehicle or any other object that limits visibility without first making sure that there are no approaching cars. Entering the roadway zone, a person should not be delayed or stopped, if this does not concern security. In the case of approaching a car with blue signals or red and blue beacons on, as well as equipped with special sound, people crossing the section should stop and allow these vehicles to pass. Those who intend to cross the roadway should refrain from driving. Waiting for a fixed-route taxi or other scheduled vehicle is carried out at special stopping points. Such places are equipped with landing sites elevated above the carriageway. In the absence of such points, you can expect transport on the side of the road or sidewalk.
What is possible in the carriageway zone?
Normative acts fix certain rights of a road user. Subjects, in particular, can rely on:
- Getting medical attention in case of an accident.
- Participation in direct movement on the road in the prescribed manner.
- Compensation for damage received by them or caused to their property.
- Ensuring safe driving conditions.
- Receiving from the authorized officials and structures all the necessary information. In particular, everyone who is a participant in road traffic can be acquainted with the reasons for introducing certain restrictions or prohibiting movement in sections, information about the quality of work, services and products related to ensuring proper conditions in the carriageway zone, and so on.
- Appeal in the manner prescribed by law of inaction / actions of the traffic police.
Drivers
The rules of conduct for road users also apply to them. First of all, when driving to the carriageway, the driver must have documents with him, a list of which is established by regulatory enactments. He should have:
- Driving license / temporary permit.
- A document certifying the right to own a vehicle.
- Accompanying papers for the cargo / waybill (in established cases) and so on.
Technical condition of the vehicle
The first thing a driver must do as a road user is to check the vehicle for malfunctions. This must be done before leaving the roadway. On the way, the driver must ensure that the vehicle is in good condition in accordance with the Basic Provisions governing vehicle access to operation. Departure with malfunctioning is not allowed:
- brake system;
- Steering
- coupling device (in the train);
- a screen wiper from outside the driver.
Driving with non-burning or missing headlights and taillights on road sections not equipped with artificial light sources is not allowed with insufficient visibility or in the dark. In the event of vehicle malfunctions in transit, the driver must eliminate them. If it is impossible to do this, he must follow to the place of repair or parking in compliance with the established precautions.
Accident
There are the following rules for the behavior of road users in an accident:
- The driver involved in the accident must immediately stop the vehicle, turn on the alarms, set the appropriate sign. It is not allowed to move items related to traffic accidents.
- The driver must take the necessary measures to provide first aid to the victims, call a team of doctors.
In urgent cases, victims should be taken by passing vehicles to a medical facility. If this is not possible, the transportation of the wounded is carried out in their car. Before this, it is necessary in the presence of witnesses to fix the location of the vehicle on the road, objects and traces related to the accident.
Bans
There are a number of restrictions that a road user must observe. These are the prohibitions on vehicle controls:
- In a state of drug, alcohol and other intoxication.
- Under the influence of drugs that reduce attention and slow down the reaction.
- In a tired or painful condition.
In general, we can say that in this state, no road user should appear on the roadway. Determination of intoxication in the driver is carried out using special technical means. A drunk citizen is subject to administrative sanctions. In case of repeated violation, he faces criminal liability. The transfer of vehicle control to a person who is in any of the above conditions is not allowed. It must be remembered that everyone who gets behind the wheel and drives onto the roadway acts as a road participant. The determination of the legitimacy of driving a vehicle by a particular citizen is carried out by the presence of a driver’s license. In the absence of a proper document, a person is recognized as a violator of the established requirements. Voluntary transfer of the vehicle to entities that do not have a license to drive a car is not allowed. During the movement in the carriageway area, the driver is not allowed to cross the columns (including pedestrian ones) and take a place in them.
Persons in the vehicle near or behind the driver
For passengers, separate requirements are established. In particular, they must:
- When traveling in vehicles equipped with safety belts, fasten them. When traveling on a motorcycle, be in a buttoned helmet.
- To land and land in vehicles from the side of the roadside or sidewalk after the vehicle has completely stopped. It is allowed to carry out these actions on the part of the carriageway, if this does not pose a threat to traffic safety and interference to other participants.
There are certain restrictions for these individuals. The passenger is forbidden to distract the driver while driving the vehicle while driving. It is not allowed to be on the sides or cargo above them when moving on a cargo vehicle, to open automobile doors while driving.
Traffic lights
They belong to the category of technical equipment designed to organize traffic on the road. Traffic lights are used to control the sequence of flows on the roadway. Other technical equipment can be used with these technical means. For example, it could be:
- Information sections.
- Screens.
- Designation plates.
In traffic lights installed on sections of the carriageway, light signals of 4 colors are used: red, green, yellow (the most common) and white-moon. The appearance of the technical tool depends on the purpose. So, the designations can be in the form of an arrow, a circle, a silhouette of a cyclist or a person, X-shaped.
Signal Values
- Green light allows movement. When the time allotted for one stream ends, the signal starts flashing.
- Yellow light prohibits movement. He warns of an upcoming change in signals. If the yellow light blinks at the traffic light, this indicates an unregulated intersection. In this case, traffic is allowed.
- Red, including blinking, prohibits movement on the carriageway. When this signal is combined with yellow, movement is also not allowed. Thus, a warning is expressed that the green light will turn on soon.
If the signal is made in the form of a silhouette of a person, its effect extends to people outside the vehicles. As a rule, red and green lights are used in pedestrian traffic lights. The first prohibits, and the second, respectively, allows the intersection of the roadway. If the red signal turns on at the moment when the pedestrian is on the line dividing the lanes of cars, then he must stay there until the green one appears. Additionally, traffic lights for persons outside the vehicle can be equipped with sound signals. In some cases, a special technical device for pedestrians is not available on the roadway section. In such situations, traffic signals for vehicles should be followed.
Important point
If the vehicle stopped or slowed down before a pedestrian crossing, other cars moving in the same direction can continue following after the drivers are convinced that there are no people crossing the roadway by marking. For people outside the vehicle, preemptive right applies. In particular, at a controlled crossing, when the green signal is turned on for drivers, they should enable pedestrians to complete the road crossing. If the intersection is not regulated, the vehicle waits until people cross the roadway and only then start moving.
Traffic controller
This is a person who is vested with certain powers within which he organizes traffic on the road. To control the flows, special signals are used. They are set in the Rules. The traffic controller must have uniforms or distinctive equipment and a sign. Such persons should include:
- Road maintenance workers.
- Traffic police officers.
- Duty on ferry and railway crossings in the exercise of their official duties.
Traffic Signals
1. Hands down or extended to the sides:
- It is forbidden to move all pedestrians and vehicles from the back and chest.
- People are allowed to cross the carriageway, move the tram directly and trackless vehicles directly and to the right from the right and left sides.
2. Raised up hand prohibits the movement of pedestrians and vehicles in all directions. The exception is cases provided for in clause 6.14.
3. Right arm extended forward:
- Tram traffic is allowed to the left, and trackless vehicles in all directions from the left side of the traffic controller.
- Allowed movement only to the right of all vehicles from the chest.
- It is forbidden to move all cars from the back and right side.
- Behind people are allowed to cross the roadway.
The traffic controller can also give hands and other signals that are understandable to pedestrians and drivers. For better visibility, a disk with a red reflector or a rod is used.
Moving in residential areas
Such sections are indicated by appropriate road signs. In a residential area, movement of people outside of vehicles is permitted along the roadway and along sidewalks. At the same time, pedestrians have an advantage over cars. However, they should not create obstacles and obstacles to the movement of vehicles. Drivers in the residential area are prohibited from:
- Learn to drive.
- Drive in transit.
- Stand with the engine running.
- Drive at speeds greater than 20 km / h.
In the residential area, parking of vehicles with a maximum mass of more than 3.5 tons, road-building equipment, tractors, buses and other cars outside specially designated places is not allowed. The exception is cases where the stop is connected with servicing citizens living in the zone, structures, enterprises, buildings located on its territory. Areas where parking is permitted are indicated by the corresponding sign - "Parking space". When leaving the residential area, the driver must give way to other road users.