Have you ever wondered how many basic organs a person has? After all, the human body is a complex system consisting of organization structures of different levels. How are they interconnected? Let's get it together.
The human body as a biological system
Before you say how many organs a person has, it is necessary to formulate a definition of this concept. An organ is a part of an organism that occupies a certain position, has its own structural features and performs related functions. Each organ consists of several tissues. For example, the heart includes muscle and connective.
Scientists have not come to a consensus about how many organs a person has. The main figure, which is called - 79. All of them are combined into organ systems. There are nine such structures.
In the body, there are two ways to regulate functions - nervous and humoral. They are closely interconnected. The first method of regulation is carried out using the nervous system. It consists of two parts. The central nervous system is represented by the brain and spinal cord. Peripheral include cranial and spinal nerves. The nervous system provides the interconnection of individual parts of the body between themselves and the environment.
Another type of regulation of functions is humoral. This is the result of the activity of the endocrine system. It consists of several dozen glands that secrete hormones.
Movement is life!
The system of the organs of support and movement is represented by the skeleton and muscles. These organs develop and function as a whole. The joint of the bones in the skeleton can be fixed (sutures of the skull), semi-mobile (vertebrae with the help of cartilage) and mobile (joints).
The structure of the musculoskeletal system also includes ligaments and tendons. These are completely different structures, although they are part of the joints. Ligaments are short and formed by connective tissue. Their function is to fix the articular bag and prevent dislocation. Tendons are composed of muscle tissue and perform motor function. They provide muscle attachment to the bones, and hence the movement of the joint.
Breathing and blood circulation
These two processes in the human body are closely interconnected. How many organs does a person have in the respiratory system? Only six. These are the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi and lungs. But here you can also include the diaphragm. This is an unpaired muscle that separates the chest and abdominal cavity, and also participates in the act of breathing.
The human circulatory system is a closed type. It consists of a four-chamber heart and blood vessels: arteries, veins and capillaries. The only liquid human tissue that circulates through them is blood.
Along with the circulatory system, the lymphatic system also provides vital functions. It consists of vessels and nodes through which lymph circulates. In chemical composition, it resembles blood plasma. Among the formed elements, white blood cells predominate.
Nutrition and excretion
Now let's look at how many organs in humans provide the breakdown, absorption and excretion of nutrients from the body. The digestive tract is made up of the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach and intestines. But with the help of these organs, only the movement and removal of food masses is carried out. Grinding food occurs with the help of teeth and tongue. The breakdown of complex organic substances into simple ones is provided by enzymes of the digestive glands - salivary, pancreas and liver.
The main organ of excretion in the human body is the kidneys. From the blood, the final metabolic products, urine, are formed in them. Through the ureters, it enters the bladder, from which it is reflexively removed.
Breeding
The reproductive system provides a reproduction process of their own kind. By the type of the reproductive system, a person is a dioecious organism with internal fertilization.
Female reproductive organs include the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, and vagina. For men - testicles, genital canals and penis. In the ovary, a female gamete is formed - the egg. For fertilization, it moves into the fallopian tube, where it meets the male reproductive cell - the sperm. This forms a zygote. It is repeatedly divided, as a result of which a complex structure is formed - the human body.
How many human sensory organs
Information on all environmental changes and on the internal state of a person receives using sensory systems. How many sense organs a person has is easy to remember. There are five of them: visual, tactile, olfactory, auditory and taste. Sometimes they talk about the sixth sense of man - intuition.
Each sensory system consists of three departments: peripheral, conductor and central. The first is represented by receptors - special sensitive cells. They perceive different types of energy and transform them into nerve impulses. The conductor section is formed by nerve fibers. Through them, impulses arrive at the nerve centers of the cerebral cortex. This is the central department. Here, the information is analyzed, as a result of which certain sensations are formed.
So, the human body is a complex structure formed by physiological and functional systems. Their coordinated work ensures the normal functioning of all life processes.