Today we have to study the terms of payment of unemployment benefits, as well as all the features of receiving this material support. In Russia, everyone risks losing their jobs. Especially in times of crisis, when you have to either look for a higher-paying job or quit due to the liquidation of an enterprise or a reduction in staffing. At the same time, the state assumes responsibility for supporting citizens who are actively seeking work. They are paid unemployment benefits. But how long? In what sizes? What is needed to receive this financial support? Are there any features of this process? Understanding all this is not as difficult as it seems.
Who is eligible
The first question that interests many is about who is eligible for benefits. Fortunately, the answer is unequivocal. All adult citizens can receive similar material support from the state. The main condition is a person’s lack of official employment.
That is, when a citizen does not work, during the set time he has the right to receive financial support from the state. The timing of unemployment benefits is diverse. Much depends on the situation. What features do you need to know about this support?
Not only without work
The next important point that is required to receive money due to the lack of official employment of a citizen is registration as an unemployed. How to bring an idea to life?
Have to register on the labor exchange. Citizens who are not registered as unemployed in this service cannot receive money from the state. This is a prerequisite that must be observed. People not registered at the labor exchange are not considered officially unemployed.
The procedure for confirming the absence of work will have to go through regularly. Usually, registration is necessary every 2-3 months. But, as a rule, citizens try to find a new place of employment as soon as possible. Therefore, in practice, cases of confirmation of the fact of a lack of work are not so common.
When appointed
The timing of unemployment benefits is not so hard to remember. The thing is that these funds are assigned to all citizens who do not have official employment and are registered on the labor exchange. When does the money transfer start?
A benefit is assigned from the first day a citizen is recognized as unemployed. And a certain period (more about it later) is transferred to the account of a person who is registered at the labor exchange. But there are some exceptions. Everyone should know about them. Otherwise, you might think that employees of the labor exchange are cheating. In fact, it is far from always intended to assign payments immediately after being deprived of work.
Liquidation and reduction
The conditions and terms of payment of unemployment benefits should be known to every citizen. It has already been said that this payment is not always assigned from the moment of recognition as unemployed. In some situations, these funds will be transferred only after 2-3 months. When is this possible?
This is characteristic of some cases. These are situations in which the loss of work took place due to the liquidation of the enterprise or the reduction of staff Then, by law, the timing of unemployment benefits is changed.
Under such circumstances, citizens will receive an average salary over the next 2-3 months. And if for the specified period the work is not found, you will have to be registered as unemployed and receive appropriate material support.
How to calculate
What is the amount of unemployment benefits? The timing of payments is also interesting, but first you need to understand what the population should expect. Maybe it makes no sense to engage in paperwork and be officially registered as unemployed.
It all depends on the situation. In some cases, the amount of cash paid will be fixed and minimal. And once it will directly depend on how much the dismissed employee received in the form of wages.
By the way, even the timing of unemployment benefits in the Russian Federation is different for people who are entitled to a "minimum wage" and for those who earn interest on average monthly earnings. Therefore, you should not think that the situation is unambiguous.
Interest on earnings
In what cases is the benefit paid to citizens as a percentage of average earnings? Usually this category includes those who decided to resume their employment after a break. Or citizens who have recently worked officially.
In this situation, it should be noted that the first 3 months a person will have to transfer 75% of the average salary, then 60%. But at some point, payments will be reduced to 45% of the average earnings for the month that the unemployed received.
When a minimum is prescribed
And when are citizens entitled to minimum unemployment benefits? These cases are most common in practice. Minimum payments are set after a long pause in work. That is, when a person does not work for a long time (more than a year).
But this is far from the only scenario. The thing is that with initial employment, minimum payments are also laid. If a citizen has not previously worked officially and was not considered unemployed, then he will qualify for a minimum of funds paid for the status of unemployed. This can also include a one-year break in work if a citizen was fired under the article for violation of discipline.
In 2016, the minimum unemployment benefit is 850 rubles, the maximum - 4,900. It turns out that citizens have the right to a small amount of money. Therefore, many simply refuse to contact the labor exchange for help.
How much do they pay the minimum allowance
The main problem is that it seems to the population that money for the status of unemployed will be accrued for the entire period of absence of labor relations. But actually it is not. The terms and conditions for the payment of unemployment benefits may vary depending on the situation, but they are still assigned only for a certain time.
For unemployed people who are looking for work for the first time and receive minimal support from the state, payments are made only for six months. Then they are interrupted if the citizen does not start an employment relationship. The break in this situation is 6 months.
If, after this period, no employment takes place, then the deadlines for the payment of unemployment benefits are automatically extended. And over the next 6 months, the citizen will again receive the minimum payments.
How much is the maximum payout period ? The minimum unemployment benefit is accrued for a total of 12 months. And nothing more. After that, if employment has not occurred, no money can be expected from the state for the status of unemployed.
For previously working
It has already been said that citizens by no means always can apply for help from the state for the lack of labor relations for the same periods of time. The term for the payment of unemployment benefits during reduction or after the usual termination of employment will be different from the cases of primary employment.
The thing is that in this situation, material support lasts, in total, much longer than in the previous case. During the first year, citizens who quit and now want to resume work receive a benefit expressed as a certain percentage of average earnings. But what about after annual unemployment?
Payments to such people do not stop. What is the order established in this regard? The terms for the payment of unemployment benefits in this case automatically increase by another 12 months. Only citizens will begin to transfer not the percentage of average earnings, but the minimum payments. In 2016, as already mentioned, they amount to 850 rubles.
Grounds for termination of payments
The terms for extending unemployment benefits are clear. This requires a certain category of persons. And then automatic renewal occurs. Citizens should be aware that there are some reasons that will prevent the state from paying unemployment benefits. When is this possible? In the following cases:
- Appearance to the center of employment while intoxicated.
- Refusal from studies or public works when being in the status of unemployed for 3 months.
- If a citizen refuses 2 vacancies offered to him.
- Upon expulsion or voluntary termination of studies to which the person was sent from the employment center.
- When it comes to an employee who was fired from his previous job for a violation.
- If the person did not appear for registration without good reason.
It should be noted that the period for suspension of the payment of unemployment benefits cannot exceed 3 months. Moreover, restrictions are included in the payment period. So, if a citizen has the right to charge him money for the status of unemployed, then he will not receive them 12, but already 9 months.
Complete cessation
Now it’s clear how the calculation of the term for continuing the payment of unemployment benefits and how much it is in total. In some situations, a complete cessation of this material support is envisaged. But when is this possible?
Among the most common and fixed cases, the following situations can be distinguished:
- employment of a citizen;
- expiration of the payment deadline;
- Benefit fraud
- training from the employment center for scholarships;
- moving a citizen to permanent residence in another locality;
- in the presence of a criminal record;
- if a deregistration has occurred at the employment center at the request of the recipient;
- death of a citizen;
- assignment of a pension to a person.
How to register
How to get unemployed status? To do this, you will need to seek help from the employment center. There are such organizations in every city. It is here that the unemployment benefit is assigned.
In order to receive funds from the state in one way or another, it is necessary to register. This will require the following documents:
- identification;
- application for registration;
- bank details for receiving money;
- certificate of income from a previous place of work;
- employment record (if any);
- documents confirming the absence of the assigned pension.