Nozzles are elements of an automobile engine that are responsible for the injection and atomization of fuel through a combustion chamber. Necessary for the formation of an air-fuel mixture.
Diesel engine nozzles tend to clog periodically. Therefore, car owners often have a question: how to diagnose and repair diesel injectors? The consequence of contaminated nozzles is an increase in fuel consumption, overheating and erosion of the piston.
Diagnostics and repair of nozzles
The simplest and most affordable method for calculating a dirty nozzle is embodied in the following steps:
- Bringing idle speed to the point where problems when the engine is running are clearly audible
- Disconnect each nozzle by loosening the union nut at the high pressure manifold connection
- When the working nozzle is turned off, the motor operation changes noticeably; when the working nozzle is turned off, the operating mode does not change
It is also possible to check the nozzles by feeling the fuel line for shocks. The reason for this is the injection of fuel under pressure on a clogged nozzle.
A more accurate check of the nozzles is carried out with the help of a maximeter - a device that, in fact, is a model nozzle. It has a spring and a scale, thanks to which the pressure is set at the beginning of fuel injection.
Repair nozzles Bosch Common Rail
Repairing diesel nozzles equipped with Bosch CommonRail is the easiest and most profitable compared to others, since restoration, repair or replacement of parts is half the price of buying a new one.
Consider the items that are most susceptible to wear.
- Multiplier - includes saddle and stem. When the seat is deformed, it can be restored, but if the rod is worn, the multiplier is completely replaced.
- Sprayer - the factory provides a guarantee of 100,000 km and a characteristic number of each nozzle part that is required when replacing. Ideally, nebulizers change, but sometimes you can simply clean them with ultrasound.
The essence of adjustment is to adjust the stroke of the electromagnet and the ball to thousandths. The clearances are set using shims. Based on the type, make and model of the nozzle, the ball stroke ranges from 0.03 mm to 0.07 mm. According to the planned test, then it is necessary to select the desired electromagnet stroke. It is worth noting that the adjustment is impossible without the right equipment, so it is recommended to carry it out in specialized workshops, as incorrect actions significantly increase the financial costs of repairs.
Repair nozzles Delphi CommonRail
Repairing Delphi diesel injectors is as easy as repairing Bosch injectors, since the same parts must be replaced - valve and atomizer. Thus, we have a new nozzle in the old “box”.
The valve most often breaks. Inside it is a turntable that moves up and down, thereby blocking the channels. When the internal spraying of the valve is erased, the spinner starts to go crooked, a grain of sand can get into the gap, after which the valve sticks, and the fuel drains back. However, the valve cannot be restored. With a sprayer, things are easier - it is cleaned with ultrasound or replaced. It is quite possible to repair the nozzle in one day, and doing it is cheaper than buying a new one.
Denso Common Rail Injector Repair
Initially, Denso injectors were installed on various Japanese and Chinese cars, but nowadays they are put on other well-known brands, for example, Ford or Peugeot. The price of the nozzle is much lower than that of competitors, and the resource is up to 150,000 km. It is worth noting that the spare parts for the Denso nozzle are quite difficult to find, because the company does not sell individual parts. Therefore, when it breaks down, the worker can be assembled from several used ones.
The part that most often fails is the tablet valve. It is located at the end of the pinwheel, has one hewn side, which locks the channel. The problem is the turning of the ball, after which the channel breaks and the fuel is drained into the return line. The sprayer will not cause problems - it is enough to rinse it with ultrasound. It is not recommended to disassemble the nozzle on its own, since there are a very large number of small spare parts and at least a number of special keys are required.
Repair nozzles PiezoBosch, PiezoSiemens
Repairing the engine injectors on which the Piezo is installed is straightforward, but it is quite expensive. There is no electromagnet in the nozzles of this model, and a piezocrystal is installed instead. In modern times, such nozzles are installed on cars of various large brands of the European region, for example Mercedes, VW and others. The problem is only the price - it starts with 5000 rubles.
The Piezo nozzle consists of a body with a piezocrystal, a hydraulic accumulator, a valve and a spray. The most common cause of a nozzle breakdown is poor fuel. It is also worth mentioning about the possible breakdown of the accumulator - on its surface there may appear scores and it will start to pass fuel. The valve seat is subject to wear, after which the nozzle does not hold pressure. Do not forget about the sprayer - it can jam, which also leads to internal injuries of the nozzle.
Spare parts are supplied only on order and cost the owner quite expensive, so it is better not to repair the nozzles, but to buy new ones.
Output
Failure of nozzles is not a critical failure, but still rather unpleasant, since the correct operation directly affects the functioning of the entire engine and its parts. Operation of the car with unadjusted or contaminated nozzles is possible, but repairs should not be put aside in a long box. Delay in solving the problem will entail an increase in the cost of repairing the injectors themselves, as well as damage to other components of the power unit. Therefore, it is recommended that, at the first signs of a “disorder” of nozzles, elementary diagnostics and possible repairs be carried out if the type of part allows this.
For the longest operation, it is necessary to use high-quality fuel, as well as install original filters and replace them in a timely manner. Many car manufacturers recommend cleaning nozzles every 50,000 km.