Rosa is a wonderful representative of the flora. There are a huge number of varieties of this flower. They vary in color, size and characteristics. The structure of one rose variety can be very different from another. This is due to the fact that for hundreds of years gardeners have been growing new species by crossing different varieties. About the structure of the rose, its varieties and features will be discussed in the article.
Description
In a rose, the structure of the bush can be narrow pyramidal and spreading. Its height reaches from 30 to 200 cm. Roses are distinguished by two types of perennial branches - these are uterine, they are also main, and branches with complete growth. The length of the peduncle of a garden rose is from 10 to 80 cm.
Rose flowers are striking in their variety and quantity. Their sizes range from 1.7 cm to 18.5 cm, and the number on the bush is from 5 to 128. The structure of the rose, the shape of the flower, the smell and color are also diverse. So, for example, a rose variety that has a green tint has recently been bred. Today, there are more than 30 thousand varieties of roses.
Classification
Roses are divided into three main groups:
- varietal;
- garden (ground cover and flower beds);
- wild, as well as their hybrids.
It is worth noting that this is not a universal classification, and its various variations exist. Among the types of roses that are used in landscaping, there is a division into climbing, varietal and deciduous varieties. The wild and their hybrids are often classified as climbing and park varieties. The most common are deciduous and shrub groups. They differ in flowering time and high growth rate.
Root system
The root system of the rose bush is the core. In the case of vegetative propagation, fibrous. The skeleton is the largest of all the roots of the system, about 3 cm in diameter. The underground neck is connected to the underground part of the rose by the root neck. As for the structure of the rose in part of its root system, it is also diverse. In particular, the neck can reach sizes from 3 to 15 cm. It depends on the depth of fit. The root neck is a very important part of the plant, and when planting, it is necessary to take into account its location in the seedling.
The lobes are small adnexal roots that are located on the lateral endings. With their help, the bushes receive all the nutrients necessary for development and growth, as well as water.
Rose leaf structure
They are attached to the stem using special nodes. In the same way, the leaves connect to the side shoots. Standard has from 5 to 7 leaves that are attached to one petiole. Sometimes their number reaches 15 pieces. Each type of rose has different leaves. They differ in size, shape, texture and color.
In almost all types of adult roses, leaves have a green color - from light to dark shade. However, there are varieties with a bronze or purple color that give a copper tint. A sheet plate reflects light in different ways. For example, in some varieties they shine so much that it seems that they are rubbed with oil. Other varieties are almost matte. There are also intermediate options. Thus, they are divided into:
- matte;
- leathery;
- semi-matte;
- glossy;
- semi-glossy.
The leaf plate is smooth or with pronounced convex veins. Typically, its size in wild species of roses is smaller than in cultivated ones. The edges of the sheet are divided into serrated and solid. Matte texture is most often inherent to wild varieties, and glossy - cultural.
The structure of the fruit of the rose
Some varieties of roses at the end of flowering open the petals and expose the fruits. This mainly occurs in the wild. In fact, the fruits of a rose are seed boxes. They crown and leaf growths, and those places where the sepals were located.
The fruits of the rose have a bright color, however, depending on the variety, they vary in color, its shade, size, and shape. The color is usually bright red. But there are varieties in which it varies from pale yellow to black-brown.
The shape of the rose fruit is most often round or oval. Bottle-shaped is also found. Sizes vary from 0.5 cm to 2.5 cm. Fruits, in addition to its direct natural purpose, are used by humans in cosmetology and medicine.
Flowers
The structure of rose flowers has a complex structure. They are multi-flowered - from 5 or more on one bush, low-flowered - from 2 to 3, and single-flowered. They can be located at the top or the entire length of the bush. They also vary in form:
- conical;
- spherical;
- square;
- pompon;
- boat;
- rosette-like.
It should be noted that as the flower opens, its shape changes greatly. The color of the bud is now simply amazing. A huge number of colors and shades. Color is divided into several types:
- monochrome;
- two-tone;
- multi-colored;
- striped;
- mixed;
- colored (feathery pattern with a white eye at the base).
Petals, depending on the variety and type, also have a different shape, size, color and aroma. Initially, nature created them as such to attract insects for pollination. At present, new varieties are being developed that have unusual colors, shapes and aromas only for their best sale because of their extravagance. However, the rose always remains a beautiful flower, pleasing to the eye with its beauty.