A neoplasm in the form of a dark spot that remotely resembles a freckle - skin keratoma. It has a tendency to constant growth, peeling, keratinization and turning into plaques that are dark brown, dirty gray or black. The main peak of the incidence is in the age group, which has crossed the forty-year milestone. Keratoma occurs in men and women equally.
The average size of education is one to two square centimeters. Its surface is uneven and covered with horny layers. Externally, keratoma can be compared with large raisins pressed into the skin. Keratoma on the face is quite common, however, in the vast majority it occurs on the skin of the trunk and limbs.
Reasons for the appearance
The main cause of keratoma is the excessive exposure to ultraviolet rays, which is observed after prolonged exposure to the sun. Excess ultraviolet radiation is a provoking factor that leads to the growth of the epidermis of the skin. The result is keratinization of this layer and the formation of keratoma
Symptoms
Keratoma of the skin begins to appear as a spot on the skin, which has a coffee or grayish color. Over time, it grows and rises above the skin, becomes covered with a dense, flaky crust. Layering periodically come off. This process is characterized by pain, sometimes bleeding occurs.
Species keratoma
The following types of keratomas are distinguished: senile (senile), seborrheic, horny, solar, follicular. The first type of neoplasm is characterized by the appearance of multiple elements, which gradually increase in size, become crusty, and are prone to inflammation. They are formed in people over thirty years of age, localized on the neck, face, back of the hands.
Seborrheic keratoma also has a tendency to grow. Gradually it darkens, becomes covered with cracks. This type of neoplasm is the most dangerous. It brings pain and most often bleeds.
Keratoma of the skin can develop linearly. In this case, it is called horny. Education is multiple, occupying various sections of different shapes. It is most often susceptible to malignant degeneration, therefore, requires removal at the first stages of development.
Solar keratoma is most often characteristic of men. It develops in areas open to the sun, represents multiple foci covered with gray scales.
A very rare type of neoplasm is follicular keratoma. They develop mainly in the female half of the population and represent nodules of a grayish, pink color up to one centimeter in size. The localization zone is the skin of the head area covered with hair, the upper lip.
Treatment
Self- treatment with keratitis should not be carried out. This can lead to their malignant degeneration and the development of squamous cell carcinoma.
The following types of keratoma removal are distinguished: laser, using liquid nitrogen, radiosurgery, surgical excision.
Laser keratoma removal is the most effective treatment. It has no contraindications, complications. The chance of relapse is reduced to zero.
When used to remove liquid nitrogen, anesthesia is not required, the procedure is painless. A week after the application of this method, the neoplasm disappears, a pink spot remains in its place, which disappears after a month.
Skin keratoma can be removed using a radio knife. This technique is called radiosurgery. After applying this instrument, the tissue around the neoplasm remains intact.
Surgical excision is a traditional method, performed using a scalpel. After the procedure, there is a seam that leaves a scar.