The modern educational system is constantly evolving and improving. With the spread of new technologies, learning is gradually taking the form of a continuous, flexible and dynamic process. Nowadays, many innovations and innovations have appeared. One of the most popular achievements of this century is pedagogical testing. What it is?
Methodology
A pedagogical test is a set of tasks presented to any student in order to measure certain personal characteristics. This procedure is designed to assess the knowledge and personal qualities of students. It consists of a system of text tasks, a method for carrying out a procedure and processing data.
Pedagogical testing is a strictly standardized method used to study certain characteristics of students. This procedure is carried out in special and controlled conditions the same for all students. Pedagogical testing allows in practice to obtain the necessary objective and reliable results.
Etymology
The term "testing" appeared in the Russian dictionary not long ago. The word comes from the English noun test, which translates as "trial, test." The lexical meaning of the term has changed little over time. Nowadays, the word is included in many colloquial dictionaries of famous languages of the world. The main synonyms of the term are the nouns test, research, diagnosis.
Historical facts
The founder of testing can be called the English scientist Francis Galton. At the end of the 9th century, he conducted small studies for visitors in his laboratory: he determined height, weight, speed of reaction, etc. In addition, for a fee, he evaluated some of the psychological properties of his patients.
By the beginning of the 20th century, the idea of testing had changed. In foreign pedagogy, new tasks for an objective assessment of students have appeared. In Russian-speaking countries, testing of teachers has long been used in psychological and pedagogical diagnostics in order to study the physiological abilities of a person. Nowadays, the methodology is used in many educational institutions to test student performance.
Computerization of the educational process, the introduction of modern, advanced technologies requires increasing the competence of specialists. Participation in All-Russian pedagogical testing is a great opportunity for teachers to prove their creative skills.
Distinctive features
Pedagogical testing is a tool whose purpose is primarily to assess the level of formation of students' knowledge. The form and content of the procedure depends on its purpose. The structure of any diagnosis can be very diverse.
The main quality indicators of any pedagogical test are: reliability, validity, standardization, reliability of the results. Instructions for use are attached to any pedagogical test, in which the purpose of the procedure, the characteristics of the results obtained, and the diagnostic procedure are given.
Standardization
Pedagogical testing can be different. Modern experts classify tests according to special criteria. The form of the procedure depends on certain factors, the main of which are the goal, content and target audience. The following components greatly influence the choice of type of pedagogical testing:
- Goal. Specialists subdivide the procedure into informational, motivational, diagnostic, educational, certification.
- Job form: open and closed type.
- A way to assimilate knowledge. This process can be dynamic, stochastic, deterministic.
- Technology of carrying out. The procedure can be carried out orally, in writing, remotely, etc.
- Feedback form: traditional and adaptive type.
- The method of the procedure. This process may be standardized and not standardized.
Modern experts on functional features distinguish the following main types of tests: intellectual; personal; diagnosis of achievements, interests, values, attitudes, etc. In pedagogy, didactic, experimental, and psychological tasks are very popular. Here is what testing is. Certification of teachers has gradually become of paramount importance for the Russian educational system.
Functions
Psychological and pedagogical testing is used to obtain preliminary data on the initial performance of students; the formation of the final general and final results of the assessment of acquired knowledge by students. This diagnosis performs several basic functions, which include: educational, training, diagnostic.
The educational function is to periodically monitor the implementation of the procedure. It is intended to discipline, guide, organize the attention and activities of students. This helps to identify gaps in the knowledge of students, to form a desire to develop their abilities.
The educational function is to motivate students to learn new material, to activate independent work. To this end, various additional measures are being taken to stimulate students. Namely: preparation of questions for the seminar, joint analysis of new material, etc.
The diagnostic function is a test of student knowledge in practice. This is the main form of pedagogical testing, which surpasses other functions in accuracy, speed and objectivity.
The specifics of the
Competent and competent implementation of pedagogical testing in practice allows knowledge of the basic general rules and recommendations. The procedure for carrying out the procedure includes several stages. All of them determine the effectiveness of pedagogical testing. Namely: the choice of text tasks, instructing students, monitoring the implementation of tasks, processing the data and summarizing.
Diagnostic results are determined in accordance with the instruction of students on a special instrument scale. Methods of pedagogical testing are a combination of similar techniques and methods of measurement aimed at obtaining certain characteristics. These include the following main ways of applying the procedure in practice:
- methodological;
- experimental;
- theoretical;
- analytical.
Performance
Pedagogical testing is considered a more objective way of determining students' knowledge. This process is achieved by standardizing the diagnostic procedure, which puts students in the same conditions, excluding the subjectivity of the assessment. Pedagogical testing is a more accurate, economical and effective procedure compared to other methods. It allows you to assess the level of training of students not only in certain categories, but in the whole subject as a whole.
Despite the undeniable advantages, there are some disadvantages. Pedagogical tests do not allow you to evaluate the excellence associated with creative abilities. Students take less time to answer than other traditional surveys.
During the procedure, it is necessary to ensure the confidentiality of the assignment. When repeating the diagnosis, you must make changes to the questions. There is always an element of chance in any pedagogical test. The modern tool for pedagogical testing contains many more gaps that require further development and improvement.