Eggplant is a common vegetable among garden crops. They are grown to meet the needs of the family and on an industrial scale for the purpose of sale to the population. To do this, use open ground and greenhouses. Depending on the growing conditions and varieties of eggplant, there are different: early, middle ripening and late. All of them differ in shape, color, taste and other characteristics. Read about the best varieties for different regions in the article.
Eggplant for Siberia in the greenhouse
Vegetables grown indoors are less susceptible to temperature fluctuations. And they in Siberia sometimes make up 20 grams. But if the ventilation system is not installed in the greenhouse, the plants overheat, get burns from direct exposure to the sun's rays, which shine throughout the day. If the temperature rises to 35 ° C, the eggplant is threatened with death or lack of ovaries, and this is in the best case.
When choosing eggplant varieties, one should not forget that they have to grow in a confined space where a fungal infection spreads quickly. Therefore, it is not necessary to plant plants at close distances from each other, if necessary, tie them up on time, and mulch the soil under the bushes.
If you plant only the earliest varieties of eggplant for greenhouses, it is not very convenient for harvesting. Not every vegetable is suitable for canning. But there is a way. Currently, there are many varieties of eggplant for Siberia with medium-late ripening. They manage to keep up to the cold even in the harsh climate that characterizes the region. Some varieties of eggplant for Siberia are presented below.
Black Prince
This vegetable is versatile. It grows not only in the greenhouse, but also in the garden bed. This eggplant variety has strong immunity. Plants are practically not affected by diseases that are characteristic of nightshade crops. Colorado potato beetle, and he beats eggplant side.
Fruits are in the form of droplets, painted in dark purple, are formed in the lower part of the bush. They are not large, the average weight reaches 250 g. The bushes are compact, small in height, about 50 cm. Eggplant needs about 110-120 days to fully ripen. Seeding for seedlings occurs at the beginning of March, in regions with a warm climate - at the end of February.
Bagheera
The culture refers to productive varieties of eggplant. It is characterized by early ripening, resistance to diseases of the species with which greenhouse vegetables are often affected. Plants do not occupy large areas. Therefore, in Siberia, this eggplant is in demand for growing. The fruit has a droplet shape and a typical vegetable color is purple. The delicate flesh is white, without bitterness.
Purple Wonder F 1
It is a hybrid that matures early. With the crop will not fail if you provide the vegetable care with all the rules of agricultural technology. The culture is not capricious, the taste is excellent, there is no bitterness. Bushes of medium height, sometimes stretched to a meter or more. There are few thorns on the stems. Fruits do not differ in large sizes, weigh 100 g each. In shape, they are slightly curved, in color - purple with shine. The flesh is greenish, which is typical for most hybrids.
Eggplant of Siberia for open ground
This region is characterized by a harsh climate. When choosing eggplant varieties, they are guided by their endurance and early ripening so that the vegetables can reach full ripeness over the summer, which is short-lived here. Of course, greenhouses help out. But not everyone can afford to have it. Therefore, they are grown in gardens. Today, there are many varieties that successfully grow and give good harvests in the open ground. Early and mid-season crops are more suitable for the Siberian climate. The best varieties of eggplant for Siberia are presented below.
- Diamond is a great variety. And the most valuable thing in this vegetable is its productivity. Eggplant variety "diamond" reaches full maturity in the medium term, for this it takes 115-150 days. The bush is low, about 60 cm, but has high fruiting: gives four to six kilograms of eggplant. If you provide very good care, the rate increases significantly. The fruits have a cylindrical shape, their average length is 16-18 cm, weight is 150 g, color is dark purple. The pulp is dense, with a light green tint.
- Early ripening 148 - ripens first in the latitudes of Siberia. This is a universal variety, grows in garden beds and in greenhouses. It is popular among vegetable growers. The bush is compact, stunted, its height is 55 cm. It takes from 110 to 148 days from planting to complete ripening. The fruits have a pear-shaped, purple color. They do not differ in large sizes: length - five to eight centimeters, diameter - six, weigh 200 g each. The green pulp lacks bitterness, therefore these eggplants are used for preparation. Fruits for a long time, this period ends with the onset of frost. The plants are unpretentious, it is enough to water them, feed and loosen the soil under the bushes.
- Black handsome - matures in the medium term, for this, 110-145 days are enough for him. Bushes of medium height, about 70 cm. The fruits have a dark crimson or familiar purple color. Their weight is 200 g. The variety is popular due to the high fruiting and dense pulp of eggplant with a cream shade, in which there is no bitterness. Various dishes are prepared from these vegetables; they are suitable for canning.
- The Nutcracker is a mid-early variety with the same degree of yield. Up to four kilograms of fruits weighing 250-600 g are removed from the bush. The dense pulp has a white color and no bitterness. The ovaries are evenly distributed throughout the bush, so the crop is harvested several times. The fruits are stored for a long time, transported well. Matures in a month and a half after planting in the ground. The bushes are wide, so large areas are allocated for their growth. In height, too, rather big - 80 cm.
Eggplant in the Urals
These vegetables are being grown successfully in this region. But for a long time, plant cultivation depended on the local climate. The Ural ridge is located along the meridian, so the air flows coming from the Atlantic cannot go further eastward. Because of this, the distribution of precipitation on the slopes is uneven. The western part is characterized by more rainfall and an abundance of snow, so the climate in the winter is milder.
Thanks to modern materials, they began to equip greenhouses for growing different varieties of eggplant for the Urals. In the northern regions of the region, where permafrost is widespread in large areas, this, of course, is unrealistic. But in the Chelyabinsk, Orenburg, Kurgan regions gardeners are engaged in the cultivation of these vegetables, despite the harsh climate. Some varieties of eggplant for the Urals are presented below.
Vera
These eggplant domestic breeding belong to the early variety. Their ripening occurs 110-118 days after emergence. Plants form fairly large bushes up to one meter high. Productivity is low, 1.2 kg with a plot area of one square meter. But this is offset by the wonderful taste of fruits devoid of bitterness. Eggplant has a pear-shaped and dark purple color with a glossy surface. Average weight from 125 to 181 g. Used in cooking for home cooking and canning.
Robin Hood
The variety is unpretentious, the bush does not need to be formed, its height reaches one meter, no more. Smooth sheet plates are medium in size and green in color. The fruits have a pear-shaped, purple hue, the flesh is white. Each fruit weighs an average of 250 g. Ripening occurs three to four months after germination of seedlings. These eggplants can be fried, stuffed, baked and canned. Productivity is higher than that of the previous variety; on average, 8-12 kg of fruits can be harvested from the square of the area. All regions are suitable for cultivation, but only under film shelter.
Eggplant for Moscow region
This region of our country is characterized by a cold and damp climate, characterized by short daylight hours and the early onset of frost. There is simply not enough time to ripen the later eggplants. Therefore, the best varieties of eggplant for the Moscow Region with early and medium ripening are selected for cultivation. When choosing them, you should focus on the following indicators:
- Ripening dates.
- Frost resistance.
- Productivity
The productivity indicators depend on how correctly the choice of eggplant varieties is made for the Moscow Region. It will be more from hybrid varieties. The following article presents some of them.
Giselle F1
This is a high-yielding variety. If grown on garden beds, seven to nine kilograms of fruit are harvested from a one meter square plot. Greenhouse vegetables yield more - 14-16 kg. The fruit has a typical color for this type of vegetable - dark purple, almost black. They are large in size, length - 25 cm, diameter - seven, weight - 300-500 g. They have a cylindrical shape and flesh of white color. For these indicators, gardeners love a hybrid and often grow it in their personal plots and in greenhouses. Eggplants have a universal purpose, they are used for cooking and canning.
Alenka
These eggplants differ from other varieties in color, they have green, and not the usual violet. But vegetables are not grown for the sake of their unusual appearance, but to produce tasty fruits whose yield is not bad. Fruits have an average size of 15 cm in length, although the weight of one specimen is large - 325 g. The flesh is greenish in color to match the color of the peel. The fruits are used in cooking, suitable for canning, combined with eggplant of other varieties. They differ in early ripening, the vegetative period lasts 108 days. If for cultivation to use open ground, the quality of the fruit and their size are reduced.
Agate F1
It is considered a high-yielding variety, although due to the average size of the bush, this figure is lower than in previous crops. Collect about seven kilograms of eggplant per square. The fruit has a purple color and a rich taste, the shape is cylindrical, the mass is 250 g, the flesh is white in which there is no bitterness. Use both independent dishes, and as a part with other vegetables, suitable for canning.
Eggplant for the middle stripe
This region of Russia is characterized by a short and cool summer. Therefore, cultivars that are not particularly demanding on lighting are grown here. The best crops are given by eggplants grown in a greenhouse, which protects them from the weather and temperature changes between day and night. The best varieties of eggplant for the middle strip are presented below.
Purple Haze
The variety is suitable for growing in open beds and in greenhouses. Ripens early, in three months. A compact bush grows to 70 cm. If you give the plant a little time for watering, feeding and loosening, it will thank its owner with a large number of fruits, 15 kg per square meter of the plot. The shape of the fruit is cylindrical, their length is 18 cm, the thin skin has a purple color. The snow-white flesh is not bitter.
King of the North
This is the most frost-resistant variety, it was specially bred by breeders for a cold climate. Early ripe culture, the fruits ripen in 100 days. Thanks to the excellent formation of the ovaries, the yield is high - 15 kg per square. The bush is modest in size, its height is 40 cm, so this variety is convenient, takes up little space. It is grown in open beds, in greenhouses. The fruit has a cylindrical shape, thin peel, delicate pulp and a long length of 35 cm.
Amethyst
This eggplant belongs to early ripening varieties, adapted for growing in open areas. Ripens quickly, bears fruit well, eight kilograms of fruit per square meter of garden beds. It is used in home cooking and for cooking for the winter. The fruits have a pear-shaped, purple color, thin peel, white flesh and excellent taste, without traces of bitterness.
Exotic varieties
So called eggplants are unusual for the appearance of shapes and colors.
- Ping Pong F 1 - the vegetable belongs to early hybrids, ripens in 110-115 days from the time of emergence to fruiting. The plant is distinguished by its flowers and fruits: there are a lot of them on the bush, so it looks decorative. And most importantly - an unusual form of eggplant - spherical. The fruits are very similar to Easter eggs. Their length is five to six centimeters, and their diameter is four to five. The color is even more surprising, it is white, which is unusual for perception. The pulp has a greenish-white tint, medium density and piquant taste. It is important to know that this variety is grown more because of decorative qualities. Its fruits have a hard peel and many seeds inside.
- Swan is a mid-season variety, it is grown for fruits that have a white color, but a cylindrical rather than round shape. The eggplants are quite large, their length reaches 22 cm, their mass is 250 g. The flesh is snow-white, there is no bitterness in it.
- Sailor - eggplant has striped fruits. Their shape is elongated-cylindrical, length - 25 cm, color - dark purple, stripes - lilac. The surface is smooth and shiny. The pulp has a greenish-white color, bitterness is absent. The bush is compact but powerful. Fruits early.
- Marukos F 1 - it is distinguished by beautiful fruits, they are dark purple with white stripes. They are oval-drop-shaped. White pulp has a dense consistency. The fruits have virtually no seeds and bitterness.