Ovarian cyst - a cavity with a liquid inside, having its own shell, which is located in the tissues of the ovary and increases its volume.
There are several types of cysts:
- Functional - formations that are formed from the follicle and corpus luteum, therefore they are divided into follicular and luteinizing (in accordance with the phases of the cycle).
- Endometrioid cysts are a consequence of genital endometriosis.
- Dermoid cysts.
- Cystadenomas.
How to treat a cyst?
At the moment, there are many ways to treat ovarian cysts , each of which is most effective in relation to a certain type of education.
For example, in formations up to 1 cm, expectant or observational tactics are applicable.
Conservative therapy (drugs and herbs) is mainly aimed at inhibiting the growth and development of this formation.
Surgical treatment is one of the most cardinal methods. With the help of various auxiliary tools, the cyst is completely removed within healthy tissues. It should be noted that most formations are then not re-formed.
Minimally invasive techniques are also used in the treatment of this pathology. These include puncture and sclerosis. Under the control of the ultrasound machine, a puncture is made and the contents are aspirated - this procedure is called ovarian cyst puncture. After it, a sclerosant, a special substance that sticks together the walls of this formation, can be introduced into the cyst cavity.
It should be noted that the method of puncture biopsy and sclerotherapy can be used only for cysts with thin walls that do not "respond" to drugs within six months. These techniques apply to all endometrioid formations with a duration of more than two months.
Puncture of the ovarian cyst can be performed only after obtaining the results of a general analysis of blood and urine, analysis for tumor markers, coagulograms, ultrasound of the pelvic cavity.
The whole procedure is performed under general anesthesia. A special sensor is inserted into the vagina, which includes a conductor and a puncture needle. After the cyst is completely empty, a small amount of alcohol is poured into it, in order to disinfect and glue the walls.
Puncture of an ovarian cyst is a universal method that allows you to simultaneously diagnose and treat the process. After the liquid is removed, it is sent to a diagnostic laboratory, where its composition is revealed.
After the manipulation, the woman should be under the supervision of specialists for about 24 hours, in order to avoid possible complications.
Ovarian puncture is similar in technique to a biopsy of a cyst. Usually it is carried out in order to extract the follicle for in vitro fertilization. However, this manipulation can be prescribed in order to diagnose the pathology of the genital organs.
Puncture of the ovarian cyst is quite complex and requires caution and a qualified doctor.
After any minimally invasive manipulation, a woman may be disturbed by dull aching pains in the lower abdomen, bloody discharge. These are completely normal phenomena in this situation, which should not be feared. It is worth worrying with an increase in body temperature above 38 degrees, the appearance of chills and sweat. In case of abundant blood discharge, you should immediately seek help from specialists.
As a rule, the prognosis after a puncture biopsy of the ovarian cyst is favorable. Formations rarely recur and become complicated.
An integrated approach to treatment (puncture along with the use of hormonal drugs) will help to achieve a positive result much faster.