Ensuring the safe operation of boiler equipment is a paramount task posed by maintenance personnel. For its implementation, various means are used, covering a wide range of nuances of operation of the units. This is the initial organization of the conditions in which the boiler room will operate, and subsequent technical measures aimed at maintaining the optimal function of the equipment. At the same time, those responsible must comply with the rules for using the facility. As practice shows, the maintenance of boiler rooms is initially facilitated if operators rationally approach the loading of equipment capacities and regularly monitor performance indicators.
General boiler maintenance information
In general, maintenance activities include the implementation of basic equipment diagnostic operations, as well as repair operations. The initial level of maintenance is reduced to a set of measures aimed at maintaining the health of the element base and the health of the units. The fact is that a thermal boiler house in any design is subjected to high temperature loads and even subject to operating rules, there is a reduction in the strength and functional resources of the equipment. That is, even if during the planned inspection the staff does not reveal breakdowns, the detection of deterioration in the details, for example, is the reason for their updating.
The specific schedules and organizational nuances in the maintenance process depend on many factors. For example, the frequency, purpose and scope of the planned work matters. The universal measures within which boiler equipment is serviced include daily care, examinations, elimination of minor malfunctions and diagnostics of individual system components.
Repair work
Direct repairs can be considered as a consequence of the inspection, and as part of the basic service - seasonal or periodic. In any case, repair actions are aimed at restoring the operability of heating units or their individual parts. Planned operations of this kind usually come down to the prevention of breakdowns. So, if suspicious (from the point of view of reliability) elements were identified during the maintenance process, then they are replaced during the scheduled repair. If an accident occurs, then an unplanned repair is carried out. In this case, the boiler equipment is subjected not only to a full audit, but also to special tests. First of all, it checks the part or the whole complex of the system on which the accident occurred. Next, its causes are identified and measures are taken to eliminate them. In some cases, a design solution is developed for this, which gives recommendations on the replacement of failed elements. When the main repair operations are completed, they test the units and final tests in the process.
Maintenance of steam and hot water units
These are the most common boiler units that are used both in the maintenance of private houses and in industrial complexes. During the initial maintenance, specialists identify possible overheating, clogging and tanning of communications. There may also be a performance review. If industrial boiler rooms are serviced , auxiliary systems with units that can affect the functional state of the target equipment are also subjected to thorough diagnostics. By some signs, it is possible to identify less noticeable during the initial inspection violations in the operation of boiler plants. Such signs include the presence of noise in the combustion chamber, as well as uneven and pronounced vibrations.
In the technical part of the event, insufficiently reliable connections are tightened, damaged fences are restored, sootblowing equipment is set up and defective elements are removed. In addition, boiler house maintenance also includes cleaning units. To get rid of dirt and dust is required not only the working units, but also the external surfaces of the equipment.
Repair of steam and hot water equipment
Basically, problems with this kind of equipment arise due to the formation of dents, crevices and fistulas. Therefore, the communication networks associated with the boiler should be carefully checked. For example, defective pipes can lead not only to a violation of the coolant circulation, but also to breakdowns in drum mechanisms, collectors and the expansion of individual elements with their subsequent deformation. Also, specialists perform valve upgrades, check the quality of bolts and studs tightening, eliminate the formed air suction cups, etc. Depending on the additional equipment, repair of a boiler-type boiler may include replacing defective membranes and updating insulation materials.
Maintenance and repair of economizers
In this case, a special place is occupied by metal fittings and the integrity of the equipment frame. The tightness of the units is checked with the help of special devices, after which there may be a need for the replacement of buckets, flange parts, gaskets and coils. If boiler rooms are serviced with water circuits connected, then a check for leaks is also included in the list of measures. Moreover, it is not necessary that this be followed by a replacement of the same coils - as a rule, identified problems are corrected by tightening loose connections.
Maintenance and repair of gas-oil burners
Equipment that works with gas utilities is checked for the tightness of the nozzles, as well as their connection with the basic housing design. In particular, the master checks the quality of the installation of the unit, the fastening of the nozzles, eliminates suction and traces of slag formation. In the main part of the repair work, the gas boiler room can be dismantled and disassembled into separate functional components in order to further wash the parts. Particular attention is paid to integrated nozzles, which may require nozzle replacement.
Commissioning activities
To begin with, a specialist develops a map of technological operations. Next, performance indicators are evaluated, including power, fuel consumption, etc. By this time, measuring equipment should be ready, which will allow us to assess the quality of the system. As a rule, boiler house maintenance regarding commissioning is carried out adjusted for manufacturer's recommendations. If we are talking about a unit that has already been operated, then the basic data for subsequent settings may be readings from previous sessions of the equipment. Actually, the result of the commissioning test should be the same information about the testimony of the boiler, which is expressed in operational readings.
Conclusion
Maintenance is required in all cases of using heating equipment. Checking the system for the quality of security is perhaps the most important goal of such events, but not the only one. Unless the gas boiler is serviced primarily to analyze the health of its components. In other cases, the financial feasibility of carrying out the same commissioning operations is of no small importance. They allow not only to fix and prevent breakdowns, but also to optimize the system in order to minimize the cost of energy consumption.