In the modern educational environment, parents of future first-graders are lost in the variety of types of educational institutions - school, lyceum, gymnasium ... What is their difference? Today we propose to elaborate on the concept of "lyceum". How it differs from other educational institutions and what is the advantage of studying at a lyceum, read below.
What is a lyceum: definition and interpretation of the meaning of the word
The word "lyceum" has come a long international way before appearing in Russian.
It was formed from the name of the ancient Athenian educational institution - Likey. Then it migrated to Latin and German.
The modern lyceum is a secondary educational institution.
In Russia, until 1917, only privileged classes were taught in lyceums. Lyceum students were immigrants from wealthy families, future officials. The most famous in Tsarist Russia was the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum, where Pushkin, Saltykov-Shchedrin, Rzhevsky, Savrasov and many other cultural and art workers, military leaders and high-ranking officials of the 19th century studied.
What is a modern lyceum?
The modern lyceum is a special type of educational institution. What is a lyceum school? This is a professionally oriented school in which training is carried out according to a special program with in-depth study of any subjects specifically of a professional orientation. Education at the lyceum school is carried out in close connection with secondary and higher educational institutions of a certain professional orientation.
Children enter the lyceum or lyceum classes after the end of the 7th grade.
History of Lyceums
Historians find references to the first lyceums in documents related to the life of Aristotle - the famous philosopher of Ancient Greece.
The first lyceum (Likey) was founded in Athens and named after the god Apolon Likey. The famous ancient Greek thinkers Socrates and Aristotle taught at this educational institution.
In tsarist Russia, the first lyceums began to emerge at the beginning of the 19th century. In 1810, the debut Alexandrovsky (Imperial Tsarskoye Selo) Lyceum was created .
Education at the Lyceum was available only to children from rich and noble families from 6 to 11 years old. Graduates of the lyceum mastered the program of secondary and higher education.
Since 1877, by decree of the tsar, lyceum students had to master the program of six gymnasium and three university classes.
However, there were also such a lyceum, in which there were 8 gymnasium classes. For example, a lyceum, founded in memory of Tsarevich Nikolai.
Before the revolution of 1917, 7 privileged lyceums functioned in Russia. Each of them carried out educational activities according to their own program. There was no single definition and concept of what a lyceum was in Russia. The ethnographer V.I. Distance:
“This is a higher educational institution, sometimes equal to universities and academies, sometimes lower or even higher than them, but not divided into faculties; general higher school. "
After the 1917 revolution, lyceums ceased to be the property of the upper class.
The modern lyceum is a public educational institution that carries out educational activities in a special, different from general education, program. The status and name of the lyceum is sometimes assigned to former vocational schools. On the basis of some schools, lyceum classes of a certain professional orientation are opened.
Comparison of lyceums with regular schools
Having found out what a lyceum is, let's compare it with a regular school.
It is important to understand that the activities of schools are regulated by educational standards and uniform programs. For schools, the weekly load for each class and a single set of academic disciplines, textbooks and teaching aids are determined.
The activities of lyceums are based on copyright programs adapted for each educational institution, depending on the orientation. In addition to basic subjects, lyceum students study in depth the subjects necessary for a future profession.
In a regular school, children are enrolled from 6-7 years old. And admission to the Lyceum is possible after the end of grades 6-7.
The teaching staff is also different. The level of teachers in the Lyceum is higher than in a regular school. Not only specialists with higher education can work here, but candidates and doctors of sciences. That's what a specialized lyceum is.
Comparison of lyceum and gymnasium
There is also a difference between a lyceum and a gymnasium. What is a gymnasium?
It is also a secondary educational institution specializing in the in-depth study of certain subjects.
The main difference between these two types of educational institutions is that the lyceum is focused on practical activities. The educational process is carried out according to the profile chosen by the educational institution and is focused on the development of a future specialty.
Grammar school provides the variability of the educational process. Students in primary and secondary (gymnasium) classes receive high-quality theoretical training and comprehensive development.
When moving to a senior (secondary) school, pupils are given the right to choose specialized subjects in accordance with their inclinations and wishes (natural-humanitarian, physical-mathematical, aesthetic, philological and other profiles). The main educational task of the gymnasium is the fundamental theoretical preparation of graduates for entering higher education institutions.
Output
So, we examined the main difference between lyceums and other types of secondary educational institutions and found out what a professional lyceum is.
When deciding on a choice, parents must first take into account the interests and abilities of their child.
Studying in a gymnasium can be quite difficult and emotionally stressful for a child with medium and not very high abilities.
If, by the 7th grade, the student decided on the direction of future professional activity and, for example, chose a physical and mathematical profile, then without hesitation submit documents to the Lyceum. High-class teachers and an original training program will help the child to study the core subjects more deeply and gain the baggage of practical knowledge and skills necessary for further professional education and development.