Feet give a person a sense of stability, confidence. The expression "standing firmly" refers not only to physical, but also to psychological health. So nature conceived: the structure of the human foot is amazing. She endowed the legs with the largest bones in the body, because they have to withstand the strongest loads - the weight of the whole body. And if a person is overweight, then the load on the legs increases significantly.
The structure of the legs is quite complicated. Firstly, these are three large pelvic bones . These include the pubic, ischium and ilium, which at about eighteen years of age, growing together, turn into the acetabulum - the foundation for the trunk and support for the legs, because this includes the head of the femur. The femur can support a lot of weight, comparable, for example, with the weight of a car. The femur ends at the knee joint.
Describing the structure of the leg, you must definitely talk about the amazing functions of the knee joint. There are many joints in the human body, but the knee joint is the most complex and most durable of all. The calyx of the
knee joint is associated only with the femur.
The lower leg bone adjoins the joint, but it does not touch the calyx. Thanks to this perfect mechanism, a person can walk, run, squat.
After examining the structure of the foot, you can find that it consists of twenty-six bones that make up not only the phalanges of the fingers, but also form two arches above the sole. All bones of the foot are in a longitudinal arrangement, they are dynamic and give the foot such flexibility as if it were a spring in a technical device. If the foot does not spring, then its main function is violated. Such a violation is called flat feet. Flatfoot manifests itself in that there is no bone arch above the sole.
When examining the bone structure of the leg, it is necessary to pay attention to the cartilage. Thanks to them, the joints are protected from overload and friction. The bone heads covered with cartilage glide because they are elastic, and the synovial fluid produced by their membrane serves as a lubricant that keeps the joint mechanism in a healthy state. The lack of this fluid limits a person's movement. In some cases, cartilage can also harden. In this case, the motor function of the joint is completely disrupted and the bones begin to grow together. This can not be allowed, it is necessary to prevent such a phenomenon, so as not to lose mobility in the joints.
In conclusion, let's pay attention to the ligaments. Ligaments are very strong joints that fix the position of the joint. Whatever position the joint goes into, the ligaments support it. Under excessive loads, they sometimes break. This is very painful. Ligament repair takes much longer than splicing a bone fracture. To maintain ligaments in a healthy state, a person needs to regularly perform exercises that warm and strengthen them.
Tendons, although similar to ligaments, serve to attach muscles and bones, so we will consider that the structure of the leg, or rather, its bones, we have fully examined.