In our days, vernaculars can be heard not so often, more precisely, the former vernacular words, for there are many modern variations of them.
How did the vernaculars enter the Russian language? Something came from the village, something introduced the modern world. But we will not linger on discussions for a long time, but move on to specific topics.
What is vernacular?
These are words, sentences and verbal phrases that are used in the Russian language with the aim of imparting a rough coloring to an object, its reduced characteristics. The second meaning of this word implies a simple speech of a poorly educated person.
Separation of concepts
In modern Russian, there are two temporary layers of vernacular. The first is old, traditional, the second is new, which came to the speech world from modern jargons. Carriers of the old vernacular are the elderly, immigrants from the working class, whose work is not mental. As for the modern stratum, representatives of middle and fairly young age joined it. Their cultural level is not high.
Implementation
Examples of vernacular can be heard orally. The scope of their functioning is rather narrowed and limited by family-everyday situations.
You can clearly see vernacular in the correspondence of a certain group of people with the same cultural level.
Plast No. 1
At the end of the 80s of the XX century, the term “simple person” appeared in Russian. Who can be attributed to this? First of all, people who have not received proper education, with a low cultural level. There are three main characteristics by which this or that group of the population can be attributed to “ordinary people”. This is a field of activity, a system of values and language.
Examples of vernacular for representatives of stratum No. 1 are sometimes based on a specific dialect. But most often vernacular is spoken by older people with a low level of education.
Plast No. 2
If with the above option it is clear that with the second layer - somehow not very. Where did he come from? What are the examples of vernacular that can be heard from the lips of its carriers? Let's take a closer look.
In modern society, we can distinguish groups of people of middle and young age who are not burdened with an excellent level of education. Such still occur, it is not regrettable. Their speech skill has a common name - slang.
Are vernacular dangerous?
They spoil the beauty of the Russian language. And if you communicate with speakers of vernacular words for a long time, then the option of falling under their influence is quite possible. And, accordingly, a descent to the level of data of individuals.
Eloquence leads to the stratification of the Russian language, its degradation. It is appropriate to use them only if it is a literary device. In all others, it is advisable to refrain from contamination of native speech. In communication with other people, one should not switch to vernacular expressions. The interlocutor may doubt the culture and education of the person speaking to him.
Is it possible to protect yourself from the use of examples of vernacular? Of course, in the event that there is no close communication with those people who speak mainly this language.
Specific traits
Colloquial expressions came to the big city from visitors. More precisely, from Russian people, residents of villages, villages and remote places, who came to the cities with the aim of finding work. The usual urban speech was mixed with the speech of "ordinary people", and some examples of vernacular tightly entered her life. Note the main features characteristic of colloquialism:
Soften consonants before soft consonants. For example, "brick", "sausage."
Insert a soft sound in the middle of the word. Examples of vernaculars in the Russian language of this type: "drunk", "shpien."
Insert a vowel between two consonants in a word. "Rubel" instead of the ruble, for example.
Assimilation of consonants in verbs. A simple example: Afraid - “Afraid.”
The assimilation of consonants. In other words, consonant substitution. Instead of the tram they say "tramway", instead of the director, they say "dealer."
Conjugation of the verbs "for themselves": "I want", "want", "want."
Instead of neuter nouns, feminine or masculine nouns are used. Examples of colloquial words are : "which apples are green."
Declination of non-declining words: a coat is a "coat," a movie is a "kin."
Numbers of the numerals: "I am an orphan since I was eleven."
Using the terms of kinship when referring to an outsider: "mother, sit down."
The use of diminutive suffixes as a form of politeness: "what roses to you."
Replacing words that may seem rude. Examples of vernaculars of this type: "rest", "eat" instead of sleeping, eat.
Widespread use of emotional vocabulary: "how she spars in English."
The use of geruns ending in "mshi": "he is not spam at all."
Literature and vernacular
You can choose from the literature examples of vernacular, if you make an effort to this. Why use them in the literature? To create in the work of rude ease and naturalness. Moreover, often colloquial expressions are intertwined with high speech style.
"Well did not wake up yesterday." - Used a colloquial word instead of "yesterday".
"Antires causes your technological progress: how do you get rutabaga sown there, with or without peel?" - This is a solid colloquial expression. May be used as an example of vernacular sentences.
Vernacular and Russian language
Vernacular is a stylistic tool in Russian. It is realized, for the most part, in oral speech. It is impossible to ban vernacular, even despite their not very good influence on the beauty and purity of the language. What are examples of words in Russian, vernacular as used? These are words such as:
Avos (particle).
Ayda (instead of going).
Kudy (where).
Departure (from here).
Shabras (neighbors).
Neighbors, neighbors.
Break (from).
Frozen (died).
To the yard (instead of the toilet).
Alconaut (alcoholic).
Gobble (stubborn).
This is a small part of the common colloquial words that can be safely attributed to reservoir No. 1. These words came to the masses from the hinterlands, from illiterate villagers who found themselves in the city.
Now let's touch the formation number 2. The most popular expressions among young people and girls of modern generations:
I trudge (like).
Haha (why).
SPARET (says).
Mop (woman).
Stunned (surprised).
Cool (great).
Cool (interesting).
Kaif (pleasure).
In addition, youth tend to “cut back” and swallow word endings. In this case, it turns out something like this: "Why aren’t you calling?". "Wait a minute, I'll call you back." Hearing rumors, right?
How to preserve the beauty of the tongue?
The vernacular and examples of words were given above. Is it possible to somehow preserve the purity of the Russian language? The beauty of real speech, not replacing the literary words with "indecency" (by the way, a vernacular word)?
It all depends on us. You have to communicate with people whose cultural level is very low. However, this does not mean that we should go down to this level. You should continue to follow your usual speech, avoiding its pollution, to shun the colloquial expressions and words, no matter how we rush to express our thoughts.
Speaking slowly, beautifully and thoughtfully. Russian language is one of the most beautiful in the world. It is unique, why spoil its beauty and uniqueness? Especially for native speakers of this language.
Reading helps to maintain good speech. Paper books are not as popular as before. But in vain. The book is the best interlocutor who helps to competently build your speech, to prevent extraneous impurities from words in it.
Summarize
We considered in this article that there is vernacular. Once again, recall what was discussed:
- Vernacular - these are words or expressions used in the Russian language and literature with the aim of giving a rude coloring to a particular subject.
- They are divided into two layers. The first refers to the old vernaculars that came in our era from illiterate villagers, the second - youth jargon, or, as it is also called, slang.
- An educated and cultured person is allowed to use vernacular only for the purpose of literary coloring of speech.
Conclusion
Not everyone can speak beautifully. It’s much easier to clutter your verbal set with colloquial expressions. But it’s better to refrain from this, and develop your own speech by reading classical literature.