The main functional load in our body belongs to the limbs, especially their distal parts (that is, the most distant from the body) - the hands and feet, which have a large volume of various small movements. Evolutionarily, such a high functional load on the hands and feet caused their development and improvement. In this way, a unique feature of the human body was formed - the thumb, which was opposed to the brush. It was this feature that once allowed a person to develop further and evolve. Functionally complex hands and feet have their own unique structural features, which allow them to perform a huge variety of functions necessary for life. That is why from the anatomical point of view, the structure of the human foot , like the structure of the hand, is of great interest.
A feature of the structure of the foot is the presence of the so-called arch of the foot. The arch performs a very important function - it compensates for pressure on the limbs. It was once the upright posture that led to the formation of the arch of the foot, due to the sharply increased load on the lower limbs.
The structure of the human foot, in fact, is unique, since no animal has the arch mentioned above. But this applies more and more to physiology and functional loads, as for the anatomy of the foot itself, it is represented by ten bones, a large number of ligaments with the characteristic names of articulated bone structures and muscles.
The arch of the foot is formed from one transverse arch and five longitudinal. Five longitudinal arches extend from the calcaneus and are attached to the corresponding rays of the foot. The transverse arch is formed due to a peculiar articulation in front of the five longitudinal.
The structure of the human foot, in particular its arch, is largely due to the support of ligaments and muscles, which do not allow the arch to flatten and help in the depreciation function of the foot. In the case of a weakening of the muscles and ligaments that form the arch, the arch of the foot may flatten, resulting in flat feet.
The structure of the human foot has another distinguishing feature - the presence of profuse innervation. This, in turn, determines the formation of the so-called reflex zones. Reflex zones are nothing but the crossing of nerve fibers and their proximity. This neighborhood determines the bi-directional interaction of completely different nerves. As a result of the intersection of nerves from the hands and feet with visceral nerves (those that innervate the internal organs), the corresponding reflex zones of the feet are formed.
Known from ancient times and applied to date, the method of exposure to certain points of the reflex zones - acupuncture - made it possible for people through exposure to sensitive parts of the surface of the human body to exert the necessary effect on internal organs, stimulating their work.
Acupuncture of the foot is represented by appropriate maps that indicate which area of the foot needs to be affected in order to produce the desired result. So, the sole of the right foot is responsible for the impact on the organs and parts of the body on the right side, and the left, respectively, for the impact on the left half of the body parts.
By acting on the acupuncture points of the sole of the foot, specialists exert the necessary effect on the brain, cerebellum, frontal sinuses, pituitary, trigeminal nerve, nape, ear, nose, eyes, shoulders and even individual muscles. As for the effect on the internal organs, through acupuncture it is possible to act in isolation on any of the organs of the human body.