By blood pressure is meant the volume of blood pumped by the heart per unit of time. The highest blood pressure is observed during its exit from the cardiac left ventricle. In the arteries themselves, blood pressure is slightly less. When advancing to the capillaries, it decreases even more. Venous blood pressure is considered the lowest, especially at the entrance of the right atrium. In different parts of our body, a different degree of blood pressure is observed. What is systolic and diastolic pressure? What is the difference between the two?
Systolic blood pressure is the upper digit of this important parameter. This indicator indicates the level of pressure at the moment when the heart muscle contracts , as a result of which the blood is pushed into the arteries. This indication is completely dependent on the power of contractions of the heart muscle.
In medicine, diastolic blood pressure is considered the lower digit of the parameter. This indicator reflects pressure parameters during complete relaxation of the heart muscle. It should be noted that this pressure is the minimum pressure in the arteries. The amplitude of the fluctuations in blood pressure decreases as the blood flow moves through all the vessels. An important point is that capillary and venous pressure is almost independent of the phases of the cardiac cycle.
Systolic and diastolic pressures have optimal values and critical values. So, indicators that are within 120 / 80mm Hg are considered the norm of blood pressure. The optimal difference between the upper and lower values of this indicator is a ratio of 30/40. This difference is commonly called pulse pressure.
Systolic and diastolic pressure are very important medical indicators that indicate the general state of human health. So, in some people there is a periodic increase in blood pressure relative to the norm. This symptom is called arterial hypertension. A stable value of the blood pressure indicator below the norm is called arterial hypotension. Such a deviation from the norm can lead to hypertension or hypotension.
Systolic and diastolic pressure in people over the age of fifty deserves a thorough diagnosis, because at this age people are especially susceptible to the development of various diseases of the cardiovascular system. Of these two parameters, older people should carefully monitor precisely the indicators of systolic pressure. The maximum permissible limit of normal pressure for people aged is the value of 140 / 90mm Hg. Usually, indicators below this level are considered normal, but if the diastolic pressure, regardless of age, exceeds a value of 90 mmHg, there is reason for serious concern.
Blood pressure should ideally correspond to the norm, since any deviation of a parameter from a normal value indicates the development of a disease. If any deviations in blood pressure indicators occur, it is advisable to immediately consult a doctor. Only a specialist can accurately determine the cause of such a deviation and methods for its elimination.
Since the heart is inherently a muscle that shrinks and decompresses throughout our lives, it can gradually wear out. Systolic and diastolic pressure reflect the general condition of the heart muscle, and any disturbances in its work will be immediately noticeable thanks to these important indicators.