Before starting the repair of premises, according to existing building codes and SNIPs, a defective act is required. On the territory of the former post-Soviet space, samples of defective acts of the Soviet period are used in many countries of the CIS and Russia.
What is a defective act?
The defective act is a document listing all the shortcomings of the premises in need of repair. In fact, this is a listing of all problem areas in the room with an indication of volumes. In private construction firms and government agencies, samples of defective acts may vary. A defective act is drawn up by a commission, which usually includes the owner of the premises (or state representative) and representatives of the company that will carry out the repair. In case of large volumes of work in the premises of the state form of ownership, the commission may include representatives of supervisory construction authorities. Within the same organization, samples of defective acts for the repair of premises are the same. After drawing up the act, it is signed by all members of the commission.
Samples of defective acts usually have a similar structure. At the top in the header are the details and names of the organization. Then, in the form of tables, there is a list of works, materials, and terms for eliminating defects. In the end, as a result, the conclusion of the commission is written and the signatures of all its members are put.
Also, in addition to defective acts drawn up for the purpose of performing subsequent repair work, there are defective acts in office work:
- To write off materials is a document confirming the fact of loss of value of objects, inventory. It is the defective act of decommissioning that is applicable for the most part in construction, where worn-out equipment and broken tools are often written off. So, for example, after the repair is done, acts are written off to write off brushes, rollers, gloves. In addition to construction, a defective act can be drawn up to write off damaged furniture or office equipment.
- For warranty repairs - compiled when the fact of repair work of inadequate quality is established. It includes a list of construction works, the quality of which causes the inability to operate the premises or there are visible visual flaws. The customer has the right to draw up such an act during the warranty period for the construction services rendered. The act is drawn up in the presence of representatives of both parties: the customer and the contractor. When signing the act, the terms within which the contractor must eliminate the defects are indicated. Other conditions are stipulated: going to court in case of refusal to fulfill or non-fulfillment of obligations, or attracting third parties by the customer to resolve issues with compensation for losses by the contractor.
- For equipment inspection - is compiled by the commission when inspecting production equipment in factories, gas equipment by special services in homes. It indicates the list of malfunctions and recommendations for elimination. Typically, inspection of equipment is carried out at least once a year, and in some cases more often. This helps to assess the technical and moral deterioration, to carry out repairs on time or to decide on the replacement of a faulty unit.
How to make up?
Consider drawing up a defective act in construction. A formed commission leaves for the object to be repaired or restored. If this is a private repair, then the composition of the commission is not so strictly regulated. Usually it is an employee of the hired company and the owner. Together they inspect the room and make a list of works, entering it into the printed standard sample of the defective act. After signing the act, a decision on repair is made, an estimate is calculated and an agreement on the execution of work is signed. It is worth noting that not all private firms, especially small ones, deal with such documentation. However, for the order and possible resolution of subsequent issues that arise, it is better to have a full package of documents before starting repairs.
Features in government organizations
When working with state organizations, the regulations are strictly enforced. This is due to the spending of budget funds and subsequent checks of the accompanying documents by the tax and other supervising authorities. The commission can be appointed by higher authorities and include third-party experts for a more objective assessment of the amount of work. On the spot, the commission conducts an inspection of all defects and damages with a detailed compilation of a list of works, necessary materials and details, entering all the information into the sample of the defective act. Then, on the basis of a defective act drawn up, members of the commission sign the decision to carry out repair work partially or completely (major repairs). After that, an estimate is made with a detailed indication of the cost of work and materials.