The class teacher, who is the direct and main organizer of extracurricular activities of an educational nature in a particular class, has always played and continues to play an important role in the Russian school. It is he who has a significant influence on the formation of the personality of children, as well as on the disclosure of their intellectual and creative potential.
If the class teacher is a true professional, then he will certainly protect the interests and rights of children by organizing his educational process based on the principles of humanistic pedagogy. And in the case when the activity of this teacher will also have a developing character, it will help to become a child a real person.
A bit of history
Classroom leadership as an institution has been around for quite some time. This happened even with the emergence of educational institutions. Such teachers in pre-revolutionary Russia were called classy ladies or classroom tutors. They had special responsibilities. Such mentors should have been aware of all the events that took place in the teaching teams entrusted to them, to monitor the relationship between the students and to form a friendly atmosphere in the classroom. Also, this teacher needed to be an example to follow in everything, starting with his appearance.
In the USSR, classroom instruction was introduced in 1934. A teacher was appointed to this position, who became responsible for conducting focused educational work in this student group. Such duties were additional. They were performed by the teacher in addition to the main teaching work.
Types of classroom management
To date, the direction in question has undergone some changes in the educational process. This happened due to the presence of several types of classroom instruction. Among them:
- Subject teacher. For this teacher, the implementation of the function of the class teacher is an additional work.
- A teacher with a minimum teaching load. This is a specialist who teaches a separate discipline at school. Sometimes, putting such a teacher at the head of the children's team, he is called a curator, which in Latin means a person or a guardian who oversees a particular work.
- Exempt class teacher. It is a person who performs only educational functions.
- Cool mentor. Some educational institutions have introduced such a position for themselves. She is similar to the released class teacher. There is also another option for the title of such a post. This is a tutor, which is translated from Latin as “guardian”, “patron” and “protector”. A tutor is a teacher with the smallest teaching load.
It is worth noting that the functions, purpose and tasks of the class teacher with any version of the title of his position are approximately the same. All of them are regulated by the charter of the school.
Purpose of activity
The daily efforts of the class teacher are aimed at creating conditions for self-realization and self-development of the personality of children. Achieving this goal will allow students to successfully socialize in society.
The main activities of the class teacher in this case are:
- Creating conditions that allow the child to exist normally in a general educational institution.
- Promoting the creative and diverse development of children, their spiritual development and understanding of the meaning of life.
Among the main activities of the class teacher to achieve their goals is obtaining and processing information about their students, about their social environment and psychophysical development, as well as about existing family circumstances. The data obtained allows you to:
- to control the process of formation of the personality of children and their moral qualities;
- analyze the nature of the impact on students.
All this will allow to achieve self-determination, self-development, self-education of students and to form a student team. Indeed, the main task of the upbringing and educational processes should not be the acquisition by children of knowledge in the form of a set of theories, facts, and certain material. All functions and activities of the class teacher should have as their goal a change in the personality of the student, which occurs due to independent learning. Indeed, one of the main goals of the work of an educational institution is the possibility of self-development and personal development, assistance in finding your personality and the path leading to self-actualization.
The class teacher, managing the student body and coordinating the activities of teachers, has to take a double position. Indeed, on the one hand, he is a representative of the school administration, and on the other, he expresses the interests of his students in the process of managerial activity. From this, the task of the teacher is greatly complicated.
Systematic work
The class teacher is the central person in the educational process that takes place in the educational institution. Moreover, the teacher’s activity is quite multifaceted and complex. The functions and main activities of the class teacher include conducting work not only with children, but also with their colleagues. An important role in achieving the goals set for the teacher is played by interaction with the parents of the students and with the public.
The tasks and main functions of the class teacher are defined by general educational areas. They are determined on the basis of conditions characteristic of the life of a particular class.
In the process of formation of the collective of children, there is a change and concretization of the tasks of education. In determining them, the teacher takes into account the age of schoolchildren, their academic performance, level of knowledge and discipline, as well as the presence of such qualities as collectivism, hard work, and awareness of public duty.
The most effective implementation of the basic functions of the class teacher becomes possible if they are carried out in a specific system. What is she like? The system of work followed by the class teacher is a combination of certain educational activities that are pretty closely related to each other and stem from the tasks and goals of education. It implies a thoughtful selection of the necessary material, as well as the skillful use by the teacher of exposure methods and the most effective means.
Answering the question: “What are the main directions of the class teacher’s activities”, it is worth considering those sections of his work that, taken together, are added to the system implemented within the framework of an educational institution and educational work.
Student learning
There are 2 main areas of activity of the class teacher in the initial period of his assumption of office. They consist in the study of the entire class and each of the students individually. Such work allows you to create the necessary conditions for the rational and proper organization of the entire educational process. The study of students should last throughout the entire period of study. This will allow the teacher to take an individual approach to them.
A direction involving the study of students is able to achieve its goal and give the desired results only if it meets a number of requirements for it:
- The work is carried out to improve the quality of training and education of schoolchildren. The class teacher, based on a systematic study of children, is able to creatively choose the methods and forms of educational impact on the student body as a whole and on each of its members individually.
- When studying students, the teacher will have an educational effect on them. It is important for the class teacher to “design” the development of positive qualities in the child, as well as overcoming the existing negative traits in his character and behavior.
- The work will be carried out systematically and systematically.
- The study of children is carried out in those natural conditions that take place in their lives.
- Familiarization with the living conditions of children.
- Not individual traits of the student are subject to study, but his personality in its general manifestation.
- When carrying out work, it is necessary to focus not on negative, but on positive traits of the behavior and character of the child.
Compliance with the above requirements will significantly increase the effectiveness of studying by the class teacher of their students. To collect the necessary information, the teacher can use one of the following methods:
- Daily observation of children in lessons and extracurricular hours.
- Conducting group and individual diagnostic conversations.
- Visiting students at home.
- Studying the results obtained by students during their activities.
- Natural experiment. The use of this method involves the inclusion of children in a certain type of activity. At the same time, the teacher needs to observe the behavior of his students, identifying the qualities of their character.
- Conducting a rating and issuing competent ratings. Such methods allow the teacher to accumulate material indicating the characteristics of children's behavior, their interests, inclinations and creative abilities.
Strengthening discipline and improving the quality of knowledge
Consider the following section of the system of the main directions of social and pedagogical activity of the class teacher. It represents strengthening discipline and increasing knowledge.
The growth of these indicators indicates the correct organization of educational activities. The task of the class teacher is to improve the quality of the knowledge that students receive. One of his areas of activity also consists in preventing second-year students and lagging behind of individual students.
Extracurricular activities
This is another important section in the system of the main directions of the content of the activity of the class teacher. Today, in schools, teachers use the most diverse forms of such an organization. Extracurricular hours can significantly expand the framework of the educational process. Moreover, such work, as a rule, combines two main areas of activity. This is an ideological and educational and organization of practical classes. In the work of the teacher, each of them is quite important.
Those to me less than the main directions of educational activities of the class teacher are in the organization of the children's team. This section of the work of teachers is on the list of leaders. By uniting children into a goal-oriented and friendly team, the teacher creates the prerequisites for solving the tasks of the educational plan facing the school.
Joint efforts of the teaching staff
The main directions of educational activity of the class teacher include the coordination of the work of other teachers. And this should be reflected in the charter of the school. Among the responsibilities assigned to each teacher, is not only the supply of knowledge to students. The teacher should shape the worldview of children and develop their abilities, as well as cognitive interests.
The tasks and functions of the class teacher include ensuring close cooperation with teachers who conduct lessons with students in his class in order to develop uniform pedagogical influences and requirements for students. How can the goal be achieved? To do this, from time to time, the class teacher needs to hold meetings with the teachers of his class, at which the state of discipline, the quality of knowledge, and also the fulfillment by children of uniform requirements should be discussed. Active communication in the team of teachers will allow the class teacher to significantly improve the educational direction of their activities.
Work with parents
This is the next section of the main activities of the class teacher. Briefly, it can be described as the need to maintain contact with the parents of their students. It is through class teachers that the educational institution is closely connected with the family, because these teachers most of all communicate with parents, provide them with information about the behavior of children and their educational activities. Together with people close to their students, the class teacher develops a single policy of an individual educational process. This allows you to solve the problems of becoming a child’s personality.
What methods can be used by a teacher when working with parents of students? Among them are the following:
- Family visit. This method of work is quite effective in educational work. When visiting a family, the teacher gets acquainted with the conditions in which his student lives. In this case, there is a conversation with parents who talk about the hobbies and inclinations of their child. From the teacher, mom and dad can listen to recommendations for their son or daughter to complete homework and so on.
- Correspondence with parents. Moms and dads can be informed about the successes of their children not only verbally. One of the alternative methods is conducting correspondence with parents. The teacher can notify them of school affairs, congratulate them on the holiday, express wishes for raising children and give effective advice. The main thing in correspondence is a friendly tone.
- Parent meeting. This method is a kind of analysis or reflection made on the basis of educational experience and pedagogical data.
- Leisure joint activities. Extracurricular activities with the participation of parents of students will also help to have an educational effect on children. These are sports competitions, concerts prepared by schoolchildren, and various evenings. Such meetings allow parents to better know their own children, revealing new aspects of their talent, hobbies and interests.
- Holding universities of pedagogical knowledge. This method of working with the family involves educating parents in the psychological and pedagogical direction. Such classes will equip dads and mothers with the necessary knowledge. Adults will increase their pedagogical culture, get acquainted with the actual problems of education based on the age of children. The use of this method will allow parents to establish contact with the public, schools - with the family for joint interaction in educational work.
The sections listed above are the main directions in the activity of class teachers. The totality of these elements is represented by a rather complex system. But it is precisely this that the teacher must adhere to, going towards the goal facing the educational process.
Let us pass from the consideration of the main activities of the class teacher to the functions assigned to him.
Cognitive diagnostic
This function is assigned to the teacher in his study of students. It is performed when the teacher determines the characteristics of behavior and development of students, as well as identifying the level of their upbringing.
Within the framework of this function, the class teacher finds out the state of children's health, their physical development, the nature of learning, interpersonal contacts, manifested inclinations, participation in social activities, attitude to the educational process and the dynamics of academic performance. The data obtained should be communicated to those teachers who work with the class.
Organizational and stimulating
Within the framework of this function, the main activities of the class teacher and the fulfillment of his main tasks are related to the teacher’s ability to organize extracurricular activities, because the participation of schoolchildren in these events is voluntary. That is why such activities should not be associated with strict regulation or coercion of students.
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