If we recall the course of biology, then a cell is a structural and functional unit of any living organism. What can I say, if there are even such organisms that are just one cell. Hence their name - unicellular. Well, in the body of animals and humans, the cells are simply incredible. Let's remember the composition of the cell.
Each cell of our body is surrounded by a special protective membrane, which is called the "membrane". There is a core inside it. It is worth noting that not all cells in the body contain nuclei. For example, as they mature, red blood cells lose theirs. In the cells of striated muscles, on the contrary, there is not one core, but several. As mentioned above, the cell has a special plasma membrane. Its main function is to ensure interaction with neighboring cells and the environment. Since it is through the membrane that all unnecessary metabolic products come out of the cell, as well as the substances necessary for the normal functioning of the substance, it can be said that it is one of the most important components. The ingress of substances and, conversely, their release occur either by the principle of diffusion, or due to active transport through special channels.
The nucleus is another important component of the structural unit of a living organism called the cell. This is a small spherical organelle, which plays a large role in the regulation of cellular processes, and also carries all the necessary genetic information. The nucleus has its own membrane, which is needed in order to separate it from the cytoplasm.
In order to confirm the importance of the nucleus in the life of the cell, scientists conducted several experiments. Their essence was that in the amoeba, with the help of a special needle, the core was removed. A few days after this manipulation, the amoeba was dying. No, she did not stop eating, but practically all the processes stopped in her. Of course, it can be assumed that the amoeba died due to the “operation”, but a repeated experiment in which the core was not removed, but only moved it, showed that the amoeba does not die as a result of such an intervention.
The next organelle, without which a cell cannot exist, is mitochondria. It is surrounded by a double membrane. The main function of this component of any cell is the production of ATP due to electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation. Despite the fact that mitochondria have their own DNA, its proteins are encoded by DNA, which comes from the cytoplasm. Given that energy is necessary for the life and normal functioning of all cells, the value of this organelle becomes incredibly important for such a structure as a cell. The structure of each mitochondria is the same and has no differences. There are two membranes, the first of which is external and serves to separate mitochondria from the cytoplasm. The second is internal, separated from the outer intermembrane space and protects the contents of mitochondria from penetrating from the outside.
Each
organelle of a cell has a special meaning, therefore it is very difficult to distinguish unnecessary and necessary. A cell is life!