The reproductive method of teaching is rightfully one of the most effective, since it implies the use by a schoolboy or student of the material studied in practice. Following a good example, instructions and prescriptions helps to better understand the material and consolidate the knowledge gained. Therefore, this method is so popular.
About features
Reproductive learning is a process that is specific in nature. In this case, it lies in the character of students' thinking, which is formed during perception and their memorization of information communicated by the teacher or other source.
A reproductive teaching method is impossible without the use of visual, practical, and verbal techniques, since they constitute its material basis. After all, methods of a reproductive nature are built on the principles of information transfer using a demonstration of examples, vivid and understandable speech turns, paintings, drawings, presentations and graphic images.
Learning process
If the teacher transmits information in colloquial form, rather than giving a lecture from the synopsis, then the likelihood of mastering it by students increases several times. However, reproductive education is such a process in which even a story must be built on certain principles.
The bottom line is that the teacher in the finished form formulates evidence, facts, definitions of concepts and focuses on the main points that students must learn first. Great attention is paid to explaining the sequence and methods of work, as well as their demonstration. This is especially pronounced in the lessons of choreography, music, artwork, and fine art. In the process of fulfillment by children of practical tasks, their reproductive activity is manifested, otherwise called reproducing.
But there is a slight nuance. The reproductive method of training involves the implementation of many exercises, which makes the process difficult for children. Pupils (especially in the elementary grades) cannot cope with the same tasks constantly. That is their nature. Therefore, the teacher must constantly supplement the exercises with new elements so that the interest of his students does not fade away, but only warms up.
Visibility
Reproductive learning technology is built on simple and understandable principles. During the lecture, the teacher relies on facts and knowledge that students already know. There is no room for assumptions and hypotheses in a conversation of this nature; they only complicate the process.
It is important to note that the previously mentioned clarity takes place not only in the creative process. Even while studying mathematics, it is present. Pupils make reference notes, display in them graphs, numbers, rules, keywords, associations, examples - all this helps to activate the memorization of material. Subsequently, the children apply their best practices to solve the tasks given by the teacher. Action on the model helps to strengthen the knowledge gained, turning it into a skill. However, this requires repeated training.
disadvantages
Nothing can do without them, and the reproductive teaching method is no exception. The main drawback is the load on the memory of students. After all, training material must be memorized in a considerable amount. And as a result, children with well-developed memory show the best indicators.
Another disadvantage of this method is the low independence of students. When children receive ready-made knowledge from a teacher, they no longer need to work with textbooks. Still for the same reason, attention is scattered. Children only need to listen to the material and delve into, but if the process is monotonous, their attention will quickly dull.
Pupils are not fully assimilating the material, because the teacher can’t control how much the students remembered, and at what moments they had “gaps”. By the way, if you abuse the reproductive method, then the children will not be able to learn to think and develop independently, to obtain information. As a result, they will have an average amount of knowledge and a low pace in the study of the material.
Productive Methods
They must also be mentioned. The reproductive and productive teaching method differs dramatically. Since the methods belonging to the second category imply that students independently obtain subjectively new information through individual activity. In the process, students use heuristic, research, and partial-search methods. They act independently, and this mainly distinguishes productive and reproductive learning.
Here, too, have their own nuances. Productive methods are good because they teach children to think logically, creatively and scientifically. In the process of their application, schoolchildren practice an independent search for the knowledge they need, overcome difficulties encountered, and try to turn the information received into beliefs. In parallel, their cognitive interests are formed, which is reflected in the positive, emotional attitude of children to learning.
About problems
Heuristic and research methods have their own specifics, as well as explanatory and reproductive training.
Firstly, they are not universal. And before proceeding to productive training, the teacher must conduct several classes in an explanatory and illustrative manner. Theoretical training is very important. And a good teacher can combine explanatory methods with productive ones.
You also need to remember that there are educational problems that are unbearable for students. And you can lower their level using reproductive methods. Other problems, on the contrary, are too easy. And to design on their basis an indicative training situation in which students could take an individual approach is simply impossible.
And finally, to create a problem situation just like that, from scratch, is impossible. The teacher should arouse interest among his students. And for this they need to learn something about the subject of study, to get a basic supply of knowledge. Which, again, is possible by using explanatory and reproductive methods.
Interaction
Well, after the teacher has given his pupil the necessary theoretical basis, you can begin to consolidate knowledge in practice. A problem is being created on a certain topic, a real situation, in which students become participants. They should analyze it (not without the participation of the teacher, of course). Interaction is important, in addition, the teacher is obliged to regulate and direct the process. During the analysis, the situation in question is transformed into one or even several problem tasks that students must solve by putting forward hypotheses and checking their veracity. So usually the solution is found.
Well, based on all of the above, we can conclude. All existing teaching methods in their own way are good and necessary, it is only important to correctly combine them in order to get the most benefit for students. But this is not a job for a highly qualified teacher.