Construction site fencing: types and requirements

Any construction, especially in the city, is a direct threat to the safety of citizens. This is due to the fact that the facilities use dimensional equipment and materials that may fall. Therefore, for the entire period of work, the fence of the construction site should be installed. The requirements for such facilities are defined in standards and regulations. Further we consider these constructions in more detail.

General rules

The organization of the construction site and its individual sections must ensure safe working conditions and proper sanitary and hygienic services, and eliminate and prevent possible threats. When carrying out activities at the facility, it is the responsibility of the customer to provide the contractor with the front of work and conduct OH&S activities. The latter, in particular, include the construction site fencing device.

Security

In the process of performing work related to the organization of the construction site in the context of reconstruction, the following generally accepted measures must be taken:

1. Defining the boundaries of hazardous areas.
2. The fence of the construction site and its individual sections.
3. Providing the necessary lighting, driveways, walkways. A separate electrical wiring is allocated for its organization. It should not be connected to the power grid of the reconstructed object.
4. Organization of driveways for installation equipment and vehicles, walkways for workers, places of storage of materials and structures.
5. Equipping facilities with primary extinguishing agents.
6. Ensuring electrical safety, compliance with sanitary standards in the manner defined for the enterprise.
7. Installation of safety signs.

GOST 23407.78: inventory fencing of construction sites

To prevent unauthorized access by outsiders, protective structures must be installed around the facility. Inventory fencing of construction sites adjacent to sections of the mass passage of citizens should be equipped with protective corridors and visors. At reconstructed facilities, designs are used that ensure the safety of work and the continuity of the enterprise. In particular, under construction:

1. Temporary partitions and walls. They provide a separation of jobs and sites for installation activities.
2. Protective flooring. They are used to prevent the fall of materials and objects in the premises where the production takes place.
3. Coatings for protection against cold and atmospheric precipitation.
4. Temporary fencing of the construction site, warning about the boundaries of territories and sections on which construction and installation works are carried out.
5. Structures that prevent workers from falling from a height.
6. Other fences, light shelters, screens. They are used to provide protection against blinding during electric welding, heat exposure, protection of glass from destruction during explosive measures, to prevent contamination of equipment in the shops of the enterprise.

The production of fencing construction sites is carried out for specific conditions. Their design should be reusable. Any temporary fencing of the construction site should be convenient for transportation, reliable, durable, efficient in the daytime and at night.

Additional Rules

The exits and entrances of the operated facility must be equipped outside the boundaries of hazardous areas. At the entrance to the construction site, a transport scheme is established. Roadsides of driveways and roads are equipped with clearly visible signs regulating the order of movement. Builders must be provided with sanitary facilities in accordance with applicable standards. At facilities classified as explosive and fire hazardous, it is allowed to carry out work only with the permission of the responsible person designated by the customer, in consultation with the gas rescue and fire departments. In the process of installation activities in gassed rooms, as well as in areas located below the floor / ground level, an air analysis is carried out daily before the start of the shift.

Warehousing of materials and structures

It should be carried out in accordance with the provisions that contain technical documents and GOST. The fencing of the construction site is provided in such a way that when loading / unloading materials and structures using special equipment, complete safety of workers is ensured. Storage locations are determined and agreed with the management of the enterprise. Separate structures and stacks are arranged so that they do not block access to the viewing units of existing utilities. Their placement on highways, crane and railway tracks is not allowed. When storing on bulk soils, measures are taken to eliminate the likelihood of collapse of structures.

Loading, unloading and transportation

When performing these works, it is necessary to comply with the relevant provisions of SNiP, state standards and DNAP. When loading, unloading and transporting using cars or trains, traffic regulations and the norms defined in the relevant documents should be followed. The speed of movement of vehicles through the territory of the reconstructed object in direct and fairly well-visible areas cannot be higher than 10 km / h. At exits, including from a side passage to the main passage or a road with heavy traffic, entrances, inside workshops, at turns, at intersections, when moving in reverse, in dense fog, it should not exceed 5 km / h. When transporting structures in cramped conditions and with limited dimensions of the passage, parts that protrude beyond the dimensions of the vehicle are marked with red flags, and with visibility less than 20 m and in the dark, reflective devices.

Construction site fence

SNiP is one of the key documents establishing the rules for ensuring safety at the facilities. Standards were adopted back in Soviet times. Given the development of technology, they were adapted to modern conditions. In 1979, GOST "Inventory building site fences" was approved and put into effect. In accordance with the indicated documents, construction and installation work at the facility or its part is not allowed without the establishment of special protective structures.

Key Prescriptions

The fencing of the construction site must comply with the samples approved at the state level. The design should include gates or gates to ensure the free movement of workers and vehicles. The fencing of the construction site should be collapsible with parts, fixtures and other elements of the same sample. The height of the racks, structures, the angle of inclination of the visors, etc. must comply with the established parameters. The panels are made in the shape of a rectangle. Their length, as well as the gaps between the uprights are determined according to the norms: from 1.2 to 2 m and not more than 6 m, respectively. Between parts it is necessary to observe a degree of sparseness of 80-100 mm. An exception is the fence for building sites. In the flooring on the sidewalk there should be no gaps exceeding 5 mm. Protective visors must be deployed in the right direction. At the same time, they must close people moving under them with a margin.

For the passage of citizens on the sidewalk, it is necessary to allocate more than 1.2 m. The railing must be attached to the visor or to the upper border of the fence. In addition, protective strips are provided at a height of 50 cm and 1.1 m from the roadway. The fencing of the construction site should be designed so that it can be repaired and cleaned while maintaining proper strength. Responsible persons are required to take measures to prevent rotting and the spread of rust through the elements. The presence of a slope in the area should not threaten the protective fence. The structure must be coated with an appropriate coloring compound. Potentially traumatic elements (hooks, corners, etc.) should not be present on it.

The fencing of the construction site is made of reliable materials to ensure its stability. The design must withstand the fall of objects of a certain weight, but not less than 200 kg / cm ² , as well as the strength of a gust of wind and the weight of snow. The materials from which the fence is made must have quality certificates and meet established requirements. The design life is at least 10 years. For paving flooring panels this period should be at least 5 years.

Structural Classification

Protections for construction sites are divided into types depending on their intended purpose. The following types exist:

1. Signal, unambiguously and clearly indicating that construction and installation works are being conducted in the territory.
2. Protective, ensuring the safety of people from injuries.
3. Security, preventing unauthorized entry of strangers into the facility.

Depending on their characteristics, fences are divided into the following types:

1. Rack.
2. Panel. They, in turn, are divided into sparse (mesh, for example) and solid.
3. Combined.

Goals

The main task that security structures perform is the prevention of the penetration of people on the object. In this regard, in most cases, they are not much different from simple fences installed around industrial facilities or residential buildings. Protective structures are used to prevent personal injury. In this regard, the most common form of them is a mesh (plastic). For fencing construction sites, it is considered the most optimal option. She can "catch" everything that falls from the forests: garbage, residues of materials, tools and even workers. Signal fences provide a visual indication of the construction site, warning citizens about the dangers. For this, a special tape is often used. It is pulled between the pins fixed in the ground.

Specificity

If the fence is intended for protection or protection, then it should be only solid. In some cases, the addition of additional elements is necessary. They can be peaks, struts, sidewalk with railings, etc. Depending on the availability and number of additional parts, the cost of structures is also determined. The price is also affected by the material from which they are made. Typically, the fence includes 3 elements: frame, supports and filling.

Material Options

As mentioned above, the construction site fence must be stable, reliable, durable, easy to assemble, disassemble and transport. As traditional materials for the manufacture of such structures are wood and metal. Thanks to modern technologies, their range has increased significantly. Currently, plastic is often used for fences. The advantage of such designs is as follows:

1. Current regulations allow their installation.
2. The affordable cost of the material provides the attractiveness of such fences.
3. Installation does not require special equipment and additional workers.
4. No need to paint the structure.
5. Installation of plastic fences takes a minimum amount of time.
6. Designs differ in durability, ease and durability.

However, such fences also have a rather serious drawback - they are unsuitable for use at facilities where large-scale construction is underway. A similar situation is with constructions from the netting. The undoubted advantages of the grid - its ease of installation and low cost - are suppressed by state standards. Recently, quite often fences from a professional sheet are installed. Designs are easy to install, are relatively inexpensive. In addition, such fences are easy to care for.

Mobile designs

Temporary fencing of this type appeared relatively recently. They, like other designs, provide protection of citizens from accidents, protection of the facility, prevent the unauthorized appearance of outsiders. Metal mobile elements are also used in the delimitation of parking spaces, the designation of the perimeter of the site. During installation, special equipment is not required, special knowledge is not needed. Installation of elements is carried out in a short time. Panel sections are equipped with special mounts. They eliminate unwanted or accidental disassembly.

Conclusion

The construction site acts as a potentially dangerous facility. There is always the possibility of an accident. In this regard, those responsible for the implementation of the work are required to take all necessary measures to ensure safety both inside the facility and beyond. Failure to comply with established regulations may end sadly not only for citizens, including workers, but also for managers responsible for construction. Currently, there is a large selection of materials and structures to ensure the safety of work, so those responsible can easily select the appropriate protection for the facility.