Volleyball is a sport with high demands on the technique and skill of athletes. The importance of physical fitness is especially important for attacking players. They need to own a significant set of techniques. The athlete's technique must be at a high level, and his physical preparation is appropriate: reception, power delivery, attack, movement, block, defense on the back line. But among all the elements, the attacking strike is decisive, since up to 65% of the team points won are related to the attack.
Volleyball rules and the importance of the player’s physical qualities
Volleyball seems to be a simple game. But this is not so. Before making conclusions, you need to study the rules of the FIVB volleyball game. Each game has its own nuances. The rules describe certain points that make the game spectacular. Amateur and professional levels are different. It is clear that professionals are getting stricter, there are no concessions. For amateurs, judges can be loyal to the arrangement of players, to the upper gear.
There are main points that are considered to be mistakes: touching the net, crossing the midline, the ball on one side can be hit only three times, it is forbidden to play with the open hand, the player on the back line does not attack the ball in a jump from the front line, players are accurate in placement, there should not be a touch of antennas, a touch of the ball on the side of the opponent, aggressive players.
The process of training a volleyball player to learn the techniques of movement, the actions necessary to play the game, and improve it is the technical preparation of the athlete. The sports technique of striking in volleyball is directly related to the level of development of physical qualities. The higher this level, the more successful the training and the effectiveness of training.
The type of attacking strike is determined by the parameters of the second gear. The transmission itself varies in length - long, short, shortened. By the nature of the movement in an attacking strike, it is almost the same. But, with the expansion of the time interval for the ball’s flight, the pace and rhythm of the take-off will be changed. Thus, the time period for the implementation of the first and second steps of the take-off will increase, the consistency of the striker’s actions with the transfer will improve.
Technical Training Tasks
In reality, medium and high gears are slow and low gears are high-speed. An attacking strike from low speed gears is characteristic of:
- shorter take-off run (from one to two steps);
- rapid repulsion as a result of less bent legs in the final run;
- lower swing amplitude and less bending of the arm at the elbow (arm laid back);
- less accompanying movement of the hand after the hit.
Tasks for the preparation of equipment include:
- increase in the number of skills that allow you to correctly make new movements and accelerate the process of mastering them;
- mastering the rational technique, which assumes the correct structure of movements, performing these exercises without undue stress on the part of the athlete (the technique of attacking strike is considered especially important) in volleyball;
- improving and honing the details of equipment by identifying and eliminating the causes of errors;
- improvement of technology due to a change in the form of movements, the creation of certain difficulties in the way of performing technical techniques;
- Improving the tactics and techniques of the game in a competitive environment.
Difficulty in mastering skills
The preparation required by the striking technique in volleyball involves a multi-year process, conditionally consisting of the following steps:
- elementary education;
- improvement.
The greatest difficulty in mastering the skill of an attacking strike is the accuracy of the player’s calculation of his actions in accordance with the direction and height of the ball’s flight, as well as the jump itself at the highest point. Mistakes occur when the player is in a hurry or, conversely, is late in the jump. In order for the technique of an attacking strike in volleyball to be as perfect as possible, you do not need to rush to practice all the skills at once. This is especially true for the transition from attack at the top of the transmission to hit the attacker. First, the skill of a clear and precise exit to the ball is trained and firmly fixed. It will also be correct for periods to return to the transfer above through the net with control of speed and accuracy of exit under the ball.
Principles of Training
The training process involves the use of:
- the principle of gradualness in mastering technology - the transition to the next is possible only after fixing the previous one;
- physical fitness focus is the basis for developing motor skills, especially such as volleyball pitching, reaching the ball and striking;
- concepts of biomechanics of the laws of motion;
- experience and analysis of the causes of errors and their correction;
- improving the technique of playing the game;
- exercises, simulators and training devices that can make the motion technique undistorted and accessible for children.
In training, you need to develop skills that allow you to serve in volleyball, which can be straight and lateral with a planning flight path and jump. The initial stage of training a volleyball player involves changing the direct lower pitch.
Game features
Volleyball is a spectacular and emotional game. The two teams are separated by a grid. The game of women's volleyball and men's is not much different by the rules, but the height of the grid is different. For the men's game, the net is pulled at a height of two hundred forty-three millimeters from the surface of the site, and in the female game two hundred twenty-four millimeters. In volleyball, simple rules and minimum inventory requirements. It can be beach and classic.
At the very beginning, it is very important that the athlete achieve consistency in the parts of the body. In the future, the conditions of techniques are complicated. It is necessary to change the starting position. This is especially true of the methods of preliminary displacement, the area of ​​action, the simplest game situations, knocking down factors. Mastery of the technique in the game is subject to patterns that contribute to the formation of motor skills with:
- physiological point of view;
- psychological point of view;
- methodological point of view.
Like men's, women's volleyball is no different in training methodology, developing motor skills and practicing shock equipment. The male is just a little more powerful in shock and jumping height. He is more stable and perhaps less emotional.
Mistakes
What is the training technique for an attacking hit in volleyball and training errors?
Errors in learning a technique are the result of a misunderstanding of a trainer's actions. As a rule, such a situation arises when there is an underestimation of the abilities of athletes, there is no active perception of the show and explanation, when it is not communicated to the volleyball player, until he realizes the mistakes that he made during the exercise. Of course, despite the fact that volleyball is a team game, the coach must find an individual approach to each player.
Methodology
When explaining to athletes how to beat an attacking blow in volleyball, the coach emphasizes that this is an attack technique that interrupts the ball with one hand, above the edge of the top of the net, on the opponent’s side. There is a direct and side striker strikes. With direct shock movement is performed in the sagittal plane. The initial position is like in a transmission rack. Preparatory phase:
To coordinate the movements of the body (its links) in an unsupported position, it is necessary to position the feet during repulsion so that the socks are slightly turned inward or parallel to each other. If the take-off length is reduced and there is a transition to the take-off run of two steps, then the second, then the third steps are performed. If there is a one-step, then there is only the third step leap.
Improvement of technology
Exercises to improve the technique of striking in volleyball when working in pairs
The athlete's hand should be straight, after the throw it moves freely along the body. The blow is applied with a straight hand. You must be careful not to leave control of the ball.
1. Throw, catching the ball from behind the head with the left and right hand.
2. Throw the ball bounce off the floor from behind the head with left and right hands.
3. Left-handed and right-handed kicks on the ball lying on the palm of a forward-up arm, directing it to the floor from a place.
4. The first athlete, after throwing the ball, makes an attacking shot from the spot, the second takes from below and directs the ball to the partner for the next hit.
5. Offensive strike from the transfer of a partner.
Exercises are performed continuously, without loss and catching the ball. If the ball flies at the level of the chest and head, then it is taken with two hands from above. If he flies at the level of the belt, then you need to take it from below.
Jump steps
When training an athlete in the ability to perform a direct attack hit in volleyball, the technique is a priority in the training process. To achieve the desired horizontal speed and maximum jump, the trainer explains that the run length, as a rule, is two to four meters (about three steps). Every step counts. The first is small, the speed is small, it determines the choice of the direction of take-off. The second - corrects the direction, the length is increased, the time is reduced, the speed increases. The third is the transition from the horizontal take-off speed to the vertical jump speed, the length is small, the speed increases. The last step is a leap.
The right leg is extended and extended forward, placed on the heel, the foot in the breaking position. Only if there is a rigid setting of the right foot on the support there will be a stopping effect. The height of the jump depends on the swing of the arms and the bending of the legs at the knees at the end of the take-off run (angle not less than 90 °). At the time of separation from the leg support, the upper body is taken back. When the legs are torn off, the take-off phase begins and the swing up / down with the right hand.
Jump Technique
Jump up when learning the technique of striking in volleyball must reach maximum height. Therefore, the athlete is repelled at full strength, while simultaneously performing a swing with his striking arm up and down, bending in the chest and lower back. In this case, the legs are slightly bent at the knee joints, and the right shoulder with the shocked right hand is laid back. The left arm is slightly bent at the elbow and laid up to the side. At the time of impact, the beating arm is straightened, and the stretched muscles of the chest, abdomen and arms will contract sharply. With a straightened hand, the hand is relaxed, and in this state it is superimposed on the ball. In a certain direction carry out a blow. After the strike, the athlete lands on the front of the feet. He does this on legs bent at the knee joints.
Push
An interesting fact is that the technique of performing an attack hit in volleyball does not depend on which leg will be a jerk. The expression “pushing leg” is purely conditional. This concept comes from the opinion that is typical of most opinions, to consider stronger the leg with which the athlete repels. But in reality the possibilities of the two legs are the same. This is confirmed by qualified all-around athletes, jumping in height and pushing off with one foot, and with a long jump - the other.
If an athlete is endowed with greater dexterity in his right hand, then more often he is repelled by his left foot. Therefore, in the jump before the jump, he sends forward his right leg, which is most suitable for hitting with his right hand. Powerful, full-swing hand swings and shoulder deflection turn the athlete’s torso slightly to the right. In this case, the right foot touches the site before the left.
There are players who perform a jump with a forward forward of the left foot when they hit with the right hand. They strive for an even distribution of the load on two legs and bounce, due to which they manage to get ahead of the left leg with the right one. However, given the rules of volleyball striking, it looks like tangling your legs. Such movements will be especially dangerous when the athlete does not have confidence and solid skills when he strikes. Such a player cannot be stable and successful in an attack.
Shock technique
The movement of shock equipment begins with turning around the vertical of the body and moving forward with the rise of the right shoulder. This movement will set the initial speed of the hand, included in the work a little later. She straightens at the elbow and extends upward a little forward. This is how the required impact height is ensured. The brush is applied whip-shaped. The speed of movement of the hand gains more value smoothly and by the time of impact it will become the greatest.
An effective technique for striking is lowering the chin. This will allow using neck-tonic reflexes with the greatest benefit. In this position, the muscle groups of the trunk of the front surface will be strained. Inhalation during a stroke contributes to its quickest execution, since there are a number of muscles distracted from the respiratory functions.
Place of impact
When an attacking strike from a transmission of more than one meter is carried out, some features must be taken into account:
- the place of impact is determined with an outstretched hand;
- directly with the hand in shock movement, the athlete bends in the hip joints;
- with shock movement, the arms lead towards the upper edge of the net.
If you need to perform an attack hit on accuracy, then apply the technique of direct accelerated strikes, the so-called - hand.
The importance of practicing the strike technique leaves no doubt, since in modern volleyball, attack is a crucial element of the game.