A mandatory requirement for persons engaged in entrepreneurial activities related to the operation of all types of vehicles is to conduct pre-trip medical examinations of drivers. They should be carried out every working day.
Who should pass?
Regarding whether a pre-trip medical examination of drivers is needed, the answer is unequivocal: needed. The procedure is a requirement of the Federal Law “On Road Safety” and other regulatory documents. In addition, it is a guarantee of peace of mind for the health of workers, the safety of passengers, the safety of the transported goods.
According to the current legislation, the pre-trip medical examination of drivers must be carried out in any organization, regardless of the form of ownership and type of activity.
Often, managers who have a small number of employees and vehicles ignore the procedure. Even if the company employs one driver, he is required to undergo a medical examination before entering the line.
The situation when an employee carries out management instructions on a personal car is no exception. The essence of the Federal Law establishing road safety rules is as follows: the vehicle must be in good condition before operation. The person managing it should not have signs of alcohol or drug intoxication, symptoms of various diseases. It also excludes the use of alcohol-containing drinks on the eve of entering the line (to avoid the appearance of a hangover syndrome) and potent drugs. Thus, regardless of who owns the vehicle, the driver, fulfilling the instructions of the chief, must undergo a medical examination in advance.
But many people prefer to save, because in fact the situation is as follows: a private person is transporting some kind of cargo for personal needs. In this situation, it is important to understand that in the event of an accident in which there will be victims, when investigating the circumstances, it will definitely become clear that the transportation was carried out for production purposes.
It is a mistake to believe that drivers of special equipment who do not leave the place of work should not undergo a physical examination. Industrial accidents are far from uncommon, therefore this category of employees is also subject to a preliminary examination procedure.
Can a physical examination be avoided?
There is no legal way. Pre-trip and post-trip medical examinations of drivers are mandatory for people transporting people and potentially dangerous goods. In other cases, the procedure takes place only before entering the line. An exception can be made only for people working as drivers in any emergency service (ambulance, police, emergency situations, etc.).
Who is spending?
According to the Letter of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation dated 08.21.2003, pre-trip medical examinations of drivers should be carried out by an employee of a medical institution with relevant education and work experience. In this case, a contract is concluded between the company and the clinic.
Another option - the management of the company accepts a full-time salary as a medical professional. But this is not enough to obtain the right to conduct medical examinations. The organization must obtain a license. This is due to the fact that pre-trip medical examinations of drivers have the right to conduct an employee who has undergone special training and has a diploma or certificate. An enterprise carrying out medical activities without a license violates applicable law.
If the examination is carried out directly in the organization, a room with all the necessary tools and improvised means should be allocated for the procedure.
What is checked during inspection?
The focus is on identifying the following facts:
- whether alcohol was consumed immediately before the planned exit to the line;
- whether alcohol-containing drinks were taken a few hours before the start of the working day;
- whether there are signs of using narcotic or potent drugs;
- Are there any symptoms of diseases that may interfere with the performance of production tasks?
- physical fatigue of the employee.
How is it carried out?
The algorithm for the pre-trip medical examination of the driver includes the following actions:
- The employee comes for examination with a waybill.
- The medical worker finds out the driver’s willingness to start performing production tasks: determines the presence of pronounced symptoms of diseases, the fact of the use of alcoholic beverages and drugs, the degree of physical fatigue.
- The following information is entered in the waybill: surname, name, patronymic of the employee who was examined; Date and exact time. The data must be certified by the signature and seal of the medical professional.
The duration of the examination is usually not more than 15 minutes, if there is no need for additional testing by rapid tests for alcohol and drugs. In this case, the time allotted for a physical examination increases by 20 minutes.
Reasons for refusal to allow an employee to access a vehicle
The driver is suspended from driving him when revealing:
- high blood pressure;
- increased heart rate, which goes beyond the norm;
- signs of any disease in the acute stage;
- alcohol or drug intoxication, a hangover syndrome;
- other conditions that impede the performance of production tasks.
Finally
A pre-trip medical examination of drivers is a mandatory requirement for all employees of enterprises whose activities are associated with the operation of any type of vehicle. The fulfillment of this condition is closely monitored. And this is not surprising - every year the cause of about 12 thousand accidents, in which about 20 thousand people are injured, are drunk and asleep at the wheel drivers.