Each of us has to periodically take a blood test for certain indicators. This can be either routine procedures during a medical examination, or any unplanned activities (for example, during an illness or before an operation, and so on).
In laboratory diagnostics, there are currently a huge variety of different analyzes. So, one of them is an F50 blood test. What it is? Let's take a look below.
The concept
This is a blood sampling procedure to detect certain antibodies in a patient's serum. Their presence can confirm that a person is infected with HIV infection.
In addition, the analysis can identify various pathological processes, infectious diseases and confirm or refute the presence of any bacteria or viruses in the blood.
When is an analysis necessary?
Does everyone need to know what an F50 blood test is and when to take it.
HIV, which subsequently leads to the development of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), is inherently an infectious disease. If a person becomes infected with this virus, then in the blood serum after a certain period of time it is possible to detect the presence of certain specific antibodies that the body produces in response to the ingress of human immunodeficiency virus antigens into it.
This disease is quite dangerous and, in the absence of high-quality and timely treatment, can quickly lead to death.
Therefore, it is important for everyone to know how HIV is transmitted. There are only three of them:
- Sexual (contact without using a condom).
- Blood transfusion (contact of healthy blood with infected).
- Vertical (from sick mother to baby during pregnancy or while breastfeeding).
In this regard, this analysis is shown to the following categories of citizens:
- Drug addicts. Especially those who use one syringe for several people.
- People who have a lot of unprotected sex with several partners or one, but not very familiar, who has not passed the analysis for a long time.
- In addition, pregnant women pass such an analysis three times (when registering, in the middle of pregnancy and during the third trimester).
- Also, this analysis must be given to those who have a surgical intervention or a planned medical examination.
- People who have lost a lot of weight in a short period of time. This symptom may indicate a person is infected with HIV.
The process of preparing for the analysis
Any laboratory intervention requires the patient to fulfill certain requirements in order to get a reliable result. No exception - a blood test F50. What is this preparation? It is as follows:
1. A few days before the procedure, a person should begin to adhere to a certain diet. This is necessary to normalize many blood counts.
2. The patient should temporarily exclude all fatty, spicy and salty from his diet. Drinks should exclude coffee, alcohol and soda.
3. Also, the patient must protect himself from excessive physical exertion a day before the procedure.
4. A couple of days before a blood test, F50 and RW should minimize the use of any drugs and leave only the essentials in your arsenal. The fact is that any chemical substance can lead to false results.
5. On the day the test is taken (in the morning), the patient should not drink or eat. The fact is that blood should be taken on an empty stomach and always in the early hours.
Analysis Options
Everyone who has to go through a similar procedure needs to know the answer to the question: "F50 blood test - what is it and how is it done?"
A patient takes 5 ml of blood from a vein, a puncture is done at the site of the elbow bend. After that, the biomaterial is immediately sent to the laboratory.
The analysis is carried out in the following ways:
- By using PCR (polymerase chain reaction). This is the most reliable way to detect the human immunodeficiency virus three weeks after a possible infection. The basis is a reaction with the genetic material of microorganisms. Then it is detected in blood serum. The method is not without a drawback, which consists in the fact that expensive equipment is required for conducting an F50 blood test. What kind of equipment is this? This is a device that cleans the air of foreign microorganisms, leaving only the desired human immunodeficiency virus. This explains the high cost of the procedure.
- Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is the second possible diagnostic option. It is important to use it 1.5-3 months after the alleged infection. It is based on the reaction of the interaction of human antibodies with a virus antigen. This method is less costly and is used most often. However, sometimes it gives false positive results.
Decryption
The F50 blood test has a rather complicated scheme for interpreting the results. Therefore, only a highly qualified doctor can deal with it. There can be only three options for the results:
- Positive. A sufficient amount of specific antibodies was detected in the patient's blood. This confirms that he has HIV.
- Negative. No antibodies were detected, the person is healthy.
- False positive. Antibodies are detected, but the person is not charged with HIV infection. This is possible when a person develops an infection or an autoimmune process, in addition, such a result is possible if any malignant process occurs in the human body. The probability of obtaining such a result is not high, it is only 1%. Nevertheless, this is possible, which means that this must be taken into account.
Conclusion
A F50 blood test is a modern method of early diagnosis of HIV, which has to be done more than once for every person.
HIV infection is a dangerous disease that takes many lives. It is very important to know the ways of its transmission and to avoid them, as well as periodically take an F50 blood test, which will guarantee the detection of infection at an early stage.