The nervous system is a complex of anatomical structures involved in ensuring the individual adaptation of the body to external factors and the regulation of the functioning of individual tissues and organs. Thus, it, along with the endocrine glands, is considered the main coordinating and integrating apparatus. At the same time, on the one hand, the integrity of the organism is ensured, and on the other hand, its behavior is adequate to the external environment.
The nervous system includes the spinal cord, brain, nodes, plexuses and other formations formed from nervous tissue. It has the ability to excite in response to external or internal irritation, to conduct a reaction in the form of an impulse to the corresponding centers for analysis and transfer of the reverse impulse developed in it.
The brain is located inside the skull and includes the cerebral hemispheres, medulla oblongata, trunk and cerebellum.
The CNS distribution network runs along the spinal column. The nerves that form the peripheral nervous system depart from the spinal cord . In it, beams (groups of fibers) transmit impulses. The peripheral nerves that send sensations to the central nervous system are called ascending. The descending fibers bring impulses from the centers to all parts of the body.
The nervous system is classified:
1. Depending on the method of transmitting information, such as:
- reflex regulation;
- neurohumoral regulation.
2. By type of management and formation conditions on:
- higher activity;
- lower activity.
3. Depending on the location, as:
4. By functional affiliation to:
- vegetative;
- somatic;
- sympathetic;
- parasympathetic.
The central nervous system includes departments that lie inside the spinal column or skull. Its first major part is the brain, the second is the spinal cord. Nerves exit the central nervous system and enter it. Lying outside the spine or skull, they form the peripheral system. Some of its components are very remotely connected to the central nervous network. According to some scientists, they are able to function with fairly limited control of the central nervous system. Similar components, working, apparently, autonomously, form a vegetative system. This network is responsible for regulating the state of the internal environment, controlling cardiac function, the functioning of blood vessels, lungs and other organs.
The digestive tract has its own autonomic nervous system . It consists of diffuse networks.
The human body, in the majority, has mixed nerves containing motor and sensory fibers. Therefore, as a rule, with a nervous lesion, a combination of sensory and motor disorders occurs.
Regular stress negatively affects a person’s condition. It becomes irritable, depressive, and prolonged sleep does not bring a sense of relief and does not relieve fatigue.
The simplest way to calm the nervous system is positive thinking. As you know, gloomy thoughts destroy the moral condition of man. Experts also advise more often to think about achievements, rather than defeats, to be in places that bring a sense of comfort. In addition, it is recommended to avoid communication with people who are not well-balanced.
Vitamins for the nervous system (group B) will also help maintain and protect the mental state. Diet therapy also has a sedative effect. Spicy, fatty, fried foods and drinks that have an exciting effect on the body (coffee, alcohol, strong tea) are excluded from the diet . Rich strong soups, smoked products, seasonings are not recommended. Mandatory is the restriction of meat and salt.