There is no need to panic if a vessel burst on a finger. This manifestation occurs in people with brittle, fragile, and inelastic blood capillaries. The cause of bursting vessels on the limbs can be both minor injuries, strokes, and pathological diseases. If no injury precedes the onset of this symptom, you should always consult your doctor.
Bruises on the body: normal or pathological?
A hematoma, or petechiae, is the main clinical manifestation, by the presence of which it can be understood that a vessel burst on the finger. In the photo, it looks like a normal bruise under the skin, simply put, a bruise that occurs in healthy people due to strong mechanical stress. The blood vessels are so strong and flexible that they easily withstand short-term pressure, and there is no trace under the skin. Otherwise, when a certain force is applied, the vessels do not withstand and burst. It is not worth worrying that the vessel on the toe or hand burst due to an injury - in a few days the bruise will heal.
A real concern should be hematomas, which have a different origin on the body. Bruises can indicate diseases in the body that need a consultation with a phlebologist and the appointment of the correct therapy.
Problems with the vascular system more often occur in old age, which is associated with the formation of atherosclerotic plaques on the walls of arteries. Over the years, sedimenting salts and lipids accumulate and interfere with full blood supply. By the age of sixty, blood vessels are worn and fragile in patients who do not follow a diet during the past years and who do not support a healthy lifestyle.
In what cases can you do without treatment
With a complaint that a vessel on the finger burst, a doctor is often consulted. Practice shows that in the upper limbs, capillaries are damaged in patients much less often than in the lower ones. Despite the fact that a person moves his hands more actively, the additional load only benefits the joints and blood vessels. It is imperative to recognize the true cause of this problem. If the vessels often burst on the arms or legs, you should first reconsider the lifestyle and exclude the following points:
- Physical exercise. Damage to small blood vessels occurs as a result of lengthy strength training, which become an excellent background for a jump in blood pressure.
- Chronic and infectious diseases. Such diseases lead to a weakening of the immune system and, accordingly, adversely affect the state of the cardiovascular system.
- Allergy. Eliminating the irritant (any allergen provokes hypertonicity of blood vessels), the patient can forever forget about the problem with bursting vessels. Particular attention should be paid to household cleaning products.
- Cosmetic procedures, including peeling, visiting the solarium. Damage to small vessels is capable of prolonged exposure to the scorching sun or frostbite of the limbs.
If at least one of these factors is present, they usually speak of the non-pathological nature of the origin of the problem. Elimination of this factor will allow over time to restore the elasticity, elasticity of the arterial and capillary walls.
Excess weight
Excessive body weight causes an increased load in the work of the heart and circulatory system. In obese people, varicose veins of the lower extremities are a very common disease, characterized by vascular swelling and the formation of painful nodules with bruising.
If an overweight patient leads a sedentary lifestyle, the risk of blood stasis and thrombosis increases. Office workers, drivers and representatives of other “sedentary” professions often ask why a vessel burst on the finger.
Fragile capillaries as a symptom of a serious illness
The health of the vascular system and the condition of arteries, veins and capillaries are adversely affected by pathologies of the endocrine system (thyroid gland), accompanied by hormonal surges. In patients with diabetes, the vessels burst very often. The problem can also occur with kidney pathologies, vegetovascular disorders.
One of the most common pathological causes of fragility of blood vessels is arterial hypertension, with the progression of which the walls of the capillaries significantly weaken and can not cope with the load arising from sudden surges in blood pressure.
He burst a vessel on his thumb: how is this manifested?
Capillary rupture is accompanied by the appearance of a hematoma. Due to the extensive internal hemorrhage resulting from the rupture of capillaries, red spots on the skin become noticeable. If the vessel burst on the finger (what to do in this case, we will find out later), the bluish spot becomes noticeable to the naked eye, which hurts to touch.
To determine the degree of fragility and brittleness of the walls of blood vessels on the arms and legs, resort to the use of simple methods - pinching and applying a tourniquet.
In the first case, you will need to select a specific area of ​​the skin with a minimum pain threshold. The skin fold is clamped with fingers and try to displace. If bruising occurs at the site of the manipulation, then the vessels are weakened, fragile and inelastic. The tourniquet method, unlike the pinch method, involves short-term squeezing of the arm slightly above the elbow joint. A bruising under the constriction site will indicate problems with capillaries.
Treatment features
If the vessel on the finger does not burst for the first time (regardless of whether it is on the upper or lower extremity), it is necessary to establish the cause of the rupture of the capillaries and resort to drug therapy to strengthen them. Today, pharmacies sell many effective drugs that are used to maintain the walls of blood vessels. One of the universal drugs is Troxevasin. It is available in the form of capsules, ointments, gel, and is used for the speedy healing of bruises and resorption of small subcutaneous hematomas.
In the case when the vessel burst on the finger of the hand due to arterial hypertension, it is important to monitor blood pressure and prevent hypertensive crises. The capillaries are damaged both with a sudden expansion, and with a sharp spastic narrowing. In order to thin the blood and prevent the formation of blood clots, patients are prescribed anticoagulants, including the usual Aspirin.
Capillary Health Vitamins
If a vessel suddenly burst on a finger, the causes immediately begin to look for a deficiency of nutrients. To strengthen the arteries, the treatment plan must include vitamin and mineral complexes, which include ascorbic acid, vitamins of groups A, B, E, P (rutin), potassium, magnesium, zinc, and selenium. As an example, such medicines as Ascorutin, Rutozid, Kapilar, Eskuzan can be given. They contribute to an increase in venous tone and stabilize hemodynamics, are directly involved in blood formation processes. Vitamins make the walls of blood vessels stronger, improving the condition of epithelial cells and protective membranes. At the same time, taking them yourself, without a doctor's prescription, is not worth it in order to avoid the development of side effects.
Vascular Exercises
The lack of full-fledged motor activity adversely affects the elasticity and strength of capillaries. It is important to understand that not one of the types of blood vessels has its own muscles, and the blood circulates through the system exclusively due to the operation of the valves of the venous system, and not due to the contraction of the muscle wall. That is why the patient must know how to treat vessels on the finger and what to do. A capillary burst is a consequence of physical inactivity and poor blood circulation in a person, so the patient needs to do special gymnastics, perform a set of exercises that disperse blood and stimulate the venous system.
The technique of exercises is extremely simple and for their regular performance will take no more than 10 minutes every day. The principle of the technique is the effect of vibrational waves on the vessels. Treatment is carried out as follows: the patient needs to lie on his back, raise his limbs and maximize their tension, until the appearance of sensations resembling a slight vibration in the body. The course of vibration therapy can be taken in a medical facility through the use of a special device. Due to the resulting vibration, the walls of the arteries and capillaries are strengthened, cleaned of atherosclerotic deposits, and blood circulation is restored.
Self massage
To improve the condition of blood vessels in combination with vibrotherapy, massage is used. Moreover, there is no need to visit specialists - with fragility and fragility of the vessels, self-massage is enough. Rubbing, slightly pressing movements should be carried out on the limbs to stabilize the blood flow in them.
Other treatments for fragile arteries
It would seem that there is nothing to worry about if a vessel burst on the finger of a hand. What to do if all of the above treatments do not help and episodes of subcutaneous hemorrhage are repeated again and again? In severe cases, patients are recommended instrumental methods of therapy:
- Microsclerotherapy - a special substance is introduced into the weakened vessels through a thin needle, which “cementes” the vessel, and then dissolves.
- Laser treatment. The beam acts on the walls of blood vessels, causing them to accumulate energy and strengthen.
- Electrocoagulation is a therapy involving the use of high-frequency current.
If the vessel bursts on the finger again, after the course of treatment, it is likely that the patient may require the intervention of an angiosurgeon.
About Prevention
If you are one of those patients who suffer from fragile vessels, you should first abandon the idea of ​​self-medication and consult a doctor. The specialist will prescribe a comprehensive examination, determine the cause of the weakness of the capillaries and arteries, prescribe a treatment that will prevent the development of serious vascular complications.
In addition to medicines and physiotherapeutic procedures, it is extremely important to follow simple preventative measures to maintain vascular health. You need to start by adjusting your own diet:
- if possible, use citrus fruits;
- sweets and flour substitute currants, raspberries, apricots, cherries and aronia;
- of vegetables for vessels, parsley and tomatoes are especially useful;
- buckwheat is a useful product for improving the condition of capillaries, veins and arteries.
For preventive purposes, patients are recommended to be tempered. At least once a week, you should take a contrast shower - this is a tonic exercise for the circulatory system, which has an excellent effect on blood flow. With abnormal fragility of the vessels, it is impossible to temper. Otherwise, a more serious hemorrhage can be provoked. For any problems with the vessels, you must quit smoking and drink alcohol.