The production process of any type of product consists of a specific set of actions and operations that can achieve the final result. It also takes into account the equipment used, flow lines, mechanized and manual labor, and vehicles. To rationalize the production process and create optimal operating modes at the enterprise, a technological scheme is drawn up that allows you to visually see the entire sequence of product creation.
Principles of Compilation
The technological scheme is included in the regulatory documentation of the enterprise (technological regulations), which also includes production methods, technical rules and process conditions, as well as their execution order. Moreover, for a certain stage of the whole process, a separate model can be compiled.
This project is a drawing of blocks of all operations interconnected by arrows that express the movement of material flows. In this case, translational-translational movements may be provided, however, in order to rationalize the labor process, process engineers are trying to avoid such moments when drawing up the scheme. At the same time, it is important that the technological scheme reflects the particularities of the development of a specific product and the conditions of its storage and placement.
For various processes, schemes can be made in the form of drawings with a digital or letter designation of the equipment, and the operations themselves are expressed in the form of geometric figures (triangle, rectangle, circle and others).
Circuit Examples
A simple flow chart may include the following basic operations:
- the organization of the receipt of basic raw materials and auxiliary materials from the warehouse or from suppliers, taking into account loading and unloading;
- initial processing of raw materials;
- performance of basic operations, with the receipt of basic components, parts or products of intermediate readiness;
- assembly of parts and assemblies, or final processing of manufactured products;
- packaging;
- shipment to the warehouse of finished products.
Consider a specific case, for example, the technological scheme for the production of bread can be represented as follows:
- Preparation and storage of raw materials.
- Cooking dough.
- Processing and procurement of dough products.
- Baking blanks.
- Cooling and storage preparation (packaging).
Charting Programs
Various programs are used to chart production processes . For example, a CADE vector editor designed for Windows. There are various templates, it is also possible to fix the IP address, name and serial number of the manufacturer.
Concept Draw Pro is a simple but very powerful program for drawing charts, graphs and diagrams by dragging and dropping ready-made symbols with the mouse. Allows you to create any process model.
Diagram Designer - this utility, despite the outdated interface, allows you to create a wide variety of circuit models without much difficulty.
At the moment, at any enterprise where production is carried out, a technological scheme is used. This is a mandatory regulatory document that allows you to set up technological processes in a rational way. In the preparation of technical documentation, the inclusion of this scheme is mandatory.