Since people create culture, much has been said about the person, even too much. We will non-standard approach to solving the problem "Proverbs on the theme of" Man-personality. " Eccentricity lies in the fact that we will give the reader a certain direction of creative searches. This means that it will be told about authors whose books are fully or partially devoted to the problem of man.
Friedrich Nietzsche: "Man is a tightrope between the beast and the superman"
The mass consciousness is accustomed to associate the name of Nietzsche with fascism. Like, he was the ideologist of this trend. Indeed, Hitler borrowed some ideas from the thinker of the 19th century, having previously perverted them. In fact, it is difficult to determine to what age Nietzsche belongs. Chronologically and biologically, he belongs to the 19th century, and mentally, emotionally, he is a man and philosopher of the 20th century. We will stick to facts, not emotions. Nietzsche could not stop Hitler in any way, since he had died in 1900.
Great anthropologist
Nietzsche has a lot of merits to philosophy, but one of them annoys the people the most: the thinker was the first to publicly declare a mass person. He said that he was a "dirty stream." But in fact, "Man is something that must surpass." In other words, Nietzsche is a peaceful philosopher who preached about self-improvement using the vocabulary of a warrior. Nietzsche needs to read everything, but in particular, “So said Zarathustra.” In this book “for all and for no one” you will find a lot of everything, including a variety of statements about the personality of a person.
Jose Ortega y Gasset, The Rise of the Masses (1930)
Thirty years after Nietzsche’s death, a work was published (see the subtitle), which became revolutionary in its own way. It was given not only the genesis of the mass person as an anthropological type, but also its characteristics are described in detail. In the book of H. Ortega (he preferred to be called that way), the main intrigue is tied up in the confrontation between the mass person and the creative person.
Two anthropological types are fundamentally different from each other in that one (the first) is a consumer, and the second is an actor. One is a couch potato and a “civilizational boor,” who thinks that the whole world exists only to satisfy his needs. The other is in a state of constant creative search and invention of himself, the transformation of the self. The book of H. Ortega is fascinating and written in a lively and accessible language that even a schoolboy will cope with. This is not G.V. Hegel and not M. Heidegger. Of course, there are a lot of interesting and interesting things in it. In other words, one that could replenish your luggage of knowledge with the general name “Proverbs on the subject of“ A person (personality) and famous quotes about him ”.”
Irwin Yalom, “When Nietzsche Cried” (1992)
Do not be afraid, this is an art book dedicated to an event that was not really there.
To Freud’s teacher, Joseph Breuer, Lou Soloma came and said that her friend, as she seemed, was very ill. Could the professor talk to him and see him? The professor agreed. This friend is Friedrich Nietzsche. Breyer takes on “talk treatment.” Historically, psychoanalysis arose later, of course. But Yalom deliberately shifts the historical perspective. Although the facts in this book are not the main thing, the main thing in it is that it is saturated with wonderful aphorisms about man and human life. And Breyer just did not know who got to his clients. Nietzsche himself is a great anthropologist and psychoanalyst, along with, for example, A. Schopenhauer. It is not surprising that during the analysis, the client and the doctor change places, and Nietzsche already “heals the doctor” with conversations, checks the authenticity of his life. Among the wonderful dialogues written by Yalom there is one (we do not warrant for accuracy, we only convey meaning):
- Why do you think you became a doctor?
- I dont know. Father insisted.
- Who chose this for you?
- Probably a culture, a dynasty. I always wanted to become a musician.
Russian folk thematic aphorisms (proverbs) "Man (personality) and his private life" are sought in this sense with difficulty. For our culture, an individual is a negative value. So it was in the days of the peasant community, so it was in the Soviet Union. Now people are trying to enslave a person in Russia with the help of “corporate ethics” of various kinds.
In general, Irwin Yalom skillfully stylizes his prose "under Nietzsche." The German philosopher never said what Yalom wrote, but he could well say so. For example, this: "Before you have children, you need to be born yourself."
I recall S. Dovlatov’s thought that some 50 years are not enough to become like a person. This is a sad thought, albeit ironic.
The reader may be outraged and say that these are not proverbs on the subject of "Man (personality)." But it is much better! And aphorisms of national production will still be, no doubt.
Blaise Pascal, "Thoughts" (1657 - 1658)
Thoughts is a curious book, wonderful. There are many thoughts about religion, but they are so unobtrusive, so gentle that they do not spoil the book at all. On the contrary, somehow you involuntarily start to think about God. In any case, this is not the main thing in it. The main thing is that B. Pascal talked about a man. For example, the well-known aphorism that a person is a “thinking reed”. Such an image, on the one hand, tells the reader that being is fragile and fleeting, and on the other hand, that a person is really strong in its flexibility. Under the strongest natural and vital winds, he is able to bend down, fall to the ground and avoid death. By the way, this is almost a popular aphorism, that is, it is fully included in the group of “proverbs on the subject of“ Person-Personality ”.
Pascal’s thoughts on human destiny are very interesting. Few people know, but the destination is a purely Russian fetish. Probably, calling is a "subsidiary" of the messianic idea of Russia in the world. And in Europe, people perceive their business only as a craft. They need to become good craftsmen, that's all.
In this context, the French philosopher, talking about destiny, says: “And what determines our fate? Chance. " Next, let us convey the general meaning without quotes. We saw in early childhood, for example, a lawyer or an economist. He was praised with us, and we realized that it was good. Then they chose a profession. A person, a person (proverbs and statements about this can be completely different) is an extremely multifaceted and inexhaustible subject for research. We try not so much to saturate the reader with various facts, but to draw his attention to those authors whose works, of course, are worth reading.
And it’s even better. For example, family tradition. Let it be the railroad. Father took his son to the train cabin at an early age. The boy saw how cool and cool it was to steer and carry a train. This image fell to the bottom of his subconscious and modeled his entire professional life. And now he’s 30 years old, he’s already 10 years on the train, and every time, getting into it, he thinks: “Mom, what am I doing here!” or “My life is somehow wrong” (S. King). And that children's image is to blame for everything, and also the fact that his father did not see anything wrong with the work of the driver. But, as J. Barnes used to say: "It's a shame to blame your parents when you are over 25."
Russian proverbs on the theme "Personality"
The hour came to scoop out of the people's well. We will carry out only three aphorisms.
- Not the person who lives for himself, but the one who forges happiness for the people.
- Everyone is a mystery.
- A man is not born for himself.
Even from these statements it is clear that the soul of the Russian people is of a collective nature, but in order to at least understand something in a person, it must be considered separately and specifically.
As you can see, the Russian people have a kind of proverbs on the topic "Personality and its desired image." Well, what can you do. As Karl Marx said: "Being determines consciousness." This is especially true in relation to not too happy life.