In the Russian language there are a lot of borrowed words. As for professional terminology, in such an area as jurisprudence, Latin is indispensable. Roman law, or, as it was called before, “written reason”, lies at the basis of modern legal concepts, it is studied in institutions, modern experts use its terms.
The meaning of the word
A decree is a decree from the Latin word "dekretum". This term in the Roman state called legal acts issued by the Senate, a collegial, government body, or the decision of the praetor, the second official after the consul, who was in charge of legal issues in civil matters. Later this concept was replaced by the term "law". But in the history of mankind, this concept has twice entered the state arena: during the time of the French Republic and young Soviet Russia. Obviously, this term acquired a revolutionary coloring as a result of instability of the content, they were often taken in haste, time was dictated by their quick adoption. Therefore, a decree is a specific
type of law that has been
passed on specific issues. Most often, they were temporary and later became part of a certain law as part of it.
Current application of the term
And now in some European countries it is used to designate a temporary act, the adoption of which is dictated by
extreme necessity and urgency. The term itself has a lot of interpretations. A decree is a decree, a definition, and a decision. In addition, it can be interpreted as a principle, thesis, foundation, the main rule. Such a variety of interpretations determines the relevance of the term. And indeed, in the current Republic of Belarus, it has a fairly wide circulation, the legitimacy of issuing decrees is enshrined in the articles of the constitution. However, it is agreed that they are needed in case of special need, that is, they are of an emergency nature. We can say that in the Belarusian version the decree is an extraordinary legal act issued either by the president or by state authorities.
New sound
On the territory of Russia, the term was used in the first few years of the existence of the Soviet state, in which only in the 30s a clear legal framework was formed. After the proclamation of the Russian Soviet Republic, the first laws that were issued literally immediately were called decrees by the new government, which in itself sounded revolutionary, in a new way, consistent with that time. They went down in history as the "First decrees of the Soviet government." Researchers refer to them all the decisions and decisions that saw the light in the period from November to December 1917. Over time, the wording of the new provisional laws became more consistent and professional. But in the first regulatory acts, of course, propaganda was present. It could not be otherwise then.
The first laws that changed the world
The very first law of people's power is the Peace Decree, published on November 8, 1917, that is, on the second day after the proclamation of a new state. He called for an immediate end to the war between all countries and the establishment of a just peace "without annexations and indemnities." On the same day, two more decrees were issued (on land and power) and 4 decrees. November 10 saw the light of the normative act on the creation of the People's Workers and Peasants Army. Decisions abolished the death penalty at the front, announced the arrest of the Provisional Government and the beginning of the fight against pogroms. According to the decree, temporary revolutionary committees were formed in the army. About the timeliness of the adoption of the first decrees and decrees, about their effectiveness says the state, which stood in contrast to the French Republic and did not succumb to the action of external and internal enemies, having existed for 70 years.