Diagnostic tests for the occurrence of diseases are often carried out to confirm or deny them. Examinations by x-ray methods reveal shadows in the pelvis, which, when differentiated, can be residual phenomena of thrombophlebitis, phlebitis. Shadows on radiographs differentiate with stones of the ureters and phleboliths.
Discovery and description of phleboliths
Phlebolitis in the pelvis - what is it? These are venous stones, which are calcifications of shrunken blood clots and look like beads of different diameters.
Phleboliths were first described and discovered by Albers-Schoenberg in 1905. The nature of their origin was described by pathologists Frenkel and Forsel.
Phleboliths have a homogeneous and layered shadow with a dense center. Homogeneous phleboliths are formed during sequential calcification of a thrombus. And layered - when joining the process of calcification of fibrin filaments.
Localization of phleboliths in the human body
Continuing to talk about what it is - phlebolitis in the pelvis, it should be said about the place of their localization. This education, which with numerous studies finds its presence in the following places:
- the spleen;
- in the veins of the lower leg;
- in hemangiomas - vascular tumors.
Physiological substantiation of the formation of phleboliths in the pelvis of men and women
The blood supply to the pelvis is represented by many veins and their anastomoses. In a woman, it is uterine, paraovarial, vaginal and hemorrhoidal, predisposed to the formation of varicose veins. In men, the veins in the scrotum and spermatic cord are affected, this is due to a malfunction in the venous valves. Phlebolitis in the pelvis in men is formed relatively less frequently than in women. The detection of phleboliths formed in the pelvic area of men was detected in the prostatic and vesicenteric plexuses and anastomoses. Blood clots during passage with a blood stream are subject to hyalinization, calcification and partial ossification. Ossification occurs when phlebolith grows into the tissue of the vessel and its vascularization. Phlebolitis of the pelvic cavity are in a free suspended position inside the vessels and are not attached to their walls.
Localization of phleboliths in the pelvis
The chemical composition of phleboliths and calculi of the ureters is identical, which gives them the same shadow density on radiographs.
Phleboliths in the projection of the pelvis are represented by shadows on the nameless line from the sciatic spine downward in the pubic symphysis. Pain symptoms and phlebolitis in the pelvis, when detected, are differentiated with stones in the ureters by the introduction of a contrast catheter into the ureter, which allows you to establish a true diagnosis. Ureteric calculi are localized above the line drawn between the
sciatic bones, and the ureteral orifices and their calculi are projected onto this line. Prostate stones are differentiated by the location of their clusters in the
symphysis of the pubic bones and differ in size and shape from phleboliths.
The localization of the stones of the spermatic cords and phleboliths coincides, which makes their differentiation difficult.
Reasons for the formation of phleboliths
The formation of phleboliths in the pelvis in women and men has much in common.
The main factors contributing to their formation are:
- Violation of hemodynamics, congestion become the trigger for the development of varicose veins. Converged thrombi as residual effects after a thrombophlebitis are the basis for the formation of venous stones.
- A hereditary predisposition to the development of vascular diseases can cause the formation of phleboliths in the vessels of the pelvis.
- Hypodynamia is becoming a very common cause of many systemic diseases, such as varicose veins of the pelvis, and obesity.
- Inflammatory processes in the body are a prerequisite for the development and formation of venous stones, these are diseases such as cystitis, prostatitis.
- Pregnancy and childbirth change the position of the veins. Pregnancy can provoke a change in the position of phleboliths in the vessels and the development of their clusters, which may be accompanied by pain symptoms.
- Weight lifting leads to impaired hemodynamics.
Symptoms and signs of phleboliths
Is the symptomatology pronounced when phleboliths form in the small pelvis? What is this formation that, when they grow to the size of the lumen of the vessel, can be accompanied by pain symptoms? Problems arising from the formation of stones in the pelvis, can be implicit, uncharacteristic for this pathology. The manifestation of pathology is possible with an increase in their number in the lumen of the vessel and obstruction of blood flow through the vessel.
The combination of symptoms characteristic of phleboliths is expressed for a woman in a delay in the menstrual cycle and vaginal discharge, spider veins in the pelvic area and discomfort, pain during prolonged standing and standing upright.
Age and gender indicators of phleboliths are characteristic for women at an earlier age than for men. But at the age of 50 years and older, their indicators are almost equalized by half.
Treatment and prevention of phlebolitis
The complex effect in the treatment of phleboliths implies a therapeutic and preventive gymnastics complex, compression underwear and medication.
The treatment-and-prophylactic complex is carried out in the same way as with
varicose veins of the pelvis, and is aimed at reducing blood stasis. A set of exercises for the legs with the participation of the buttocks is used. These are squats, swinging legs, raising and lowering, and a whole series of exercises that contribute to the normalization of blood circulation in the pelvic area.
Compression underwear creates the necessary pressure in the pelvic area and returns the tone to the venous plexuses, which serves as a prophylaxis of blood stasis during prolonged sitting and other pathologies leading to stagnation.
The venotonic effect of drugs is not enough for the prevention and treatment of phlebolitis in the pelvis. What is it with the formation of venous stones, if you do not take blood thinners that allow you to dissolve and excrete the drying blood clots of their body!
Diet for phlebolitis
Nutrition for vascular diseases is aimed at strengthening the venous walls, normalizing blood flow and diluting it. The use of vegetables and fruits containing vitamins and quercetin, routine contribute to blood thinning and improve the general condition of the immune and cardiovascular system. Vegetables contain vitamins and minerals, fiber, useful for blood vessels, they can be consumed in any form. Avoid vegetables containing starchy substances and increase blood sugar. Fruits and berries, such as apples, cherries, cherries, rose hips, containing vitamin C and K, are very useful for poor blood coagulation and as antioxidants. Frequent consumption of melons and watermelons, which contain a very large amount of liquid and sugars, should be avoided. Vegetable oils containing omega acids have a venotonic effect, contain vitamin E. The drinking regimen should consist of water, natural diluted juices.
It is not recommended to eat buns, pastries, fatty and fried foods, smoked meats, pickles and alcohol.
Traditional medicine
Treatment with folk remedies of phlebolitis of the pelvis involves the prevention of their formation and is aimed at combating varicose veins of the pelvis.
Apply baths, decoctions and medical treatment.
Herbal bath . To prepare it, you need to take:
- 500 grams of oak, chestnut and willow branches;
- 200 grams of chamomile flowers of a pharmacy, grass of cinnamon, St. John's wort, and a succession.
Put the branches in an enamel bucket and pour cold water, put on a fire and bring to a boil, boil for half an hour. Add flowers and grass to the broth and leave to insist for the night. Before taking a bath, you should steam 3 loaves of rye bread bread and pour them into the bathtub together with the broth. The water temperature should be 38–43 degrees, and the time of its adoption - 40 minutes. A bath is done before bedtime.
Therapeutic broth . Ingredients:
- 1 tbsp. l chopped branches of oak, chestnut, willow;
- 1 tbsp. l St. John's wort, dried cinnamon, a string of flowers and chamomile flowers.
Chopped branches are poured with 1 liter of boiling water and put on low heat for half an hour. The broth is cooled to 70 degrees and the grass and flowers are introduced, left for 12 hours. In strained broth add 2 tbsp. l honey. Take the broth 3 times a day according to the scheme: 2 days - 50 ml, then another 2 days, 100 ml each and from the 5th to the 20th day, 150 ml each. After that, take a break for 5-7 days and repeat again in the same course.