Stress in Russian is characterized by mobility. It is true to remember his place in words - a task that even many adults cannot cope with. Of course, children also face this problem. How to teach a child to emphasize words? There are simple techniques to help you do this. The regularity of training is the key to success.
Why are children wrong?
How to teach a child to stress words correctly? First you need to understand why children are wrong. The causes of the problem can be different.
- The kid constantly hears erroneous stress settings. This happens at home, in the kindergarten, from the TV screens. Children quickly absorb information from everywhere. Therefore, parents should begin to fight the problem by controlling their own pronunciation.
- Lack of communication with adults. Children tend to imitate parents and other relatives, so they learn everything. Lack of communication can negatively affect the overall development of the baby, his speech. The child must hear how to speak. Otherwise, he will come up with his own words.
- Hussing. Adults often talk with babies, try to talk with them in the "children's" language. The child hears the wrong version of the word and has no doubt that this is how it should be pronounced.
- Misunderstanding of the concept. The kid does not understand that he needs to put emphasis. He just speaks the words, and some sounds sound louder than others.
When to start classes?
It is important not only how to teach the child to emphasize words. It is also important to choose the right time to start classes. Keep in mind that all children are different. One child develops quickly, while the other is slower.
It is believed that the vocabulary that allows you to build phrases is formed by about 3-4 years. There is no need for systematic studies at an earlier age. However, you should not wait for the moment when the baby goes to school. It is more difficult to teach a first grader to speak correctly than a 4-5 year old child. Solving a problem is always more difficult than preventing it from occurring.
How to teach stress: rule number 1
So where do you start? What should mom and dad remember first? How to teach the child to stress correctly quickly and easily? In conversations with your baby, you must always pronounce the words correctly and clearly. The same thing needs to be done in conversations with other adults that the baby hears.
In no case should you distort words, trying to make them cute and childish. From an early age, it is necessary to explain phenomena and objects to the baby, comment on their actions. It is wonderful if at the same time the child sees facial expressions, the movement of the lips.
How often to do?
The positive effect depends on the regularity of classes. If possible, mothers and fathers should exercise with the baby every day. However, the form of employment should be constantly changed. Otherwise, the child will begin to get bored, and therefore it will be worse to perceive the information.
What a child does with great interest, the more benefit it will bring him. Therefore, training is best done in a playful way. The kid will perceive boring exercises as entertainment if parents show a little imagination.
“Guessing the words”
How to teach a child to understand where to put emphasis in a word? Exercise “Guessing the words” will help in this. Mom or dad pronounces the word with the wrong stress, and then turns to the baby with a request to correct his mistake. Say, you can say “cat” with the second syllable highlighted, and then offer the child to name the correct option. Gradually, the task should be complicated.
There is another version of this game. The child can be asked to choose the right option immediately from a couple of words with different stresses. For example, say “cup”, highlighting first the first, and then the second syllable. As a rule, kids guess the right option intuitively, and regular training contributes to this. You can also offer the student to go through all the pronunciations of the word. After that, he should choose the one that, in his opinion, sounds best.
"Call me"
How to teach a child to stress words correctly using the Call Me exercise? This technique implies that objects were lost, for example, in the forest. The kid should call them, pronouncing the names for the chant. Let's say, “stool!”, “Tuuumbochka!”, “Briefcase!”.
Words are important to pronounce in a chant, while they do not need to be separated by syllables. In addition, you can call by the names of friends and acquaintances, “search” for your favorite toys, and so on.
"Hammer"
Another technique that is generally liked by young children who are not yet in school. You need to very loudly pronounce the selected word and hit the hammer. The blow is made at the moment of pronouncing the loudest syllable, which is deposited in the memory of the child. First, the baby can be prompted with the right decision, then he must learn to determine it on his own.
Using a hammer is not necessary. Alternatively, it is allowed to hit the table with a fist or clap your hands. This entertainment will also appeal to children. The main task is to highlight the stressed syllable with the help of a loud sound.
Folk methods
Alternative methods should also not be discounted. Their advantage is that their effectiveness has been proven by many generations.
To begin with, you should put the baby at the table. He must put his fists on the surface, placing one on top of the other. The chin should be located directly above them. Next, you need to pronounce different words with the child. You can start with the simple ones, moving on to the complex ones gradually. The chin will touch the hands while making a percussion sound.
Cubes of Zaitsev
How to teach a first grader to emphasize words? For children 6-8 years old, Zaitsev cubes are ideal. Their peculiarity lies in the fact that on each side is a syllable, not a letter.
For starters, parents can make up their own words. The child should only put a special cube on the stressed syllable. Then the task must be complicated. The kid should put the syllables into words on their own, emphasizing the stress. This lesson will not only teach him how to pronounce words, it also develops reading skills. The Zaitsev’s cubes are accompanied by a methodological manual that will help make training as effective as possible.
Different exercises
Other exercises will help you figure out where to emphasize a word. For example, "Scream and Whisper." Mom or dad calls the problem word. The child must first scream it out loud and then whisper. So the baby will get rid of the habit of breaking words into syllables.
“Color the letter” is another useful exercise that solves the problem with incorrect accent. If the child already knows how to read and write, then it can be done. The kid should write the problem word, and then paint over the stressed letter.
Besides
Be sure to pay attention to the son or daughter that there are words that have the same spelling, but differ in stress. Let's say the meaning of the word “atlas” depends on which syllable stands out.
Also, the baby must remember that the emphasis always falls on the vowel sound. Only it can be sung, extended. It is also necessary for the child to explain that the word does not need to be spoken in syllables in order to find the stressed syllable. Instead, it is necessary to pronounce it in a chant, "call."