When a dispute arises regarding the establishment of paternity or motherhood between the prospective parent and child, they resort to the increasingly popular DNA test. It allows you to answer the question of who is who to whom in reality. Often a dispute arises during a trial. In addition to everyday cases of clarifying the circumstances of the case, sometimes it is necessary to conduct a test in the framework of a criminal investigation.
What is a DNA test?
Genetic fingerprinting, or in abbreviated form, test DNA, at the very beginning of its occurrence was carried out exclusively to assist the justice authorities in solving the crime. This analysis allows you to determine the degree of biomaterial belonging to a particular person. A little over a hundred years ago, forensic scientists came to the conclusion that at the scene of the crime there remains a large amount of evidence of the guilt of the offender, which is not visible to the eye.
The fact is that a DNA molecule is a kind of genetic instruction. Only 0.1% of the DNA acts as a hallmark by which one person can be identified from another. Scientists use this information to create a deoxyribonucleic acid profile from the biomaterial obtained for the study.
It is extremely difficult and time-consuming to analyze the entire chain; therefore, specialists study only repetitive DNA in variable regions or abbreviated STR. For each person they are different and this allows you to use them as a kind of marker. In practice, it is customary to use 16 markers and one that determines gender. Genetics arrange the obtained values in a digital series. If there are two samples, they are compared. It is possible that both full and partial coincidence.
Who can act as a test subject?
In addition to the question, where to make a DNA paternity test, another one comes up who can act as a researcher? Not always this analysis is limited only to men who want to establish the degree of kinship with their child. In medical practice, there are other variations:
- A man in respect of whom the presentation of biological material is possible or not.
- A woman in a similar situation to the above.
- Not yet born child (fetus).
The objectives of the study:
- Is the alleged man the biological father of the child (son or daughter) born of a woman who is the mother.
- Is the woman the biological mother of the child.
- Is the man the alleged biological father of the fetus that the pregnant woman is carrying.
The degree of kinship can also be established for siblings, grandparents. That is, using the DNA paternity test in Moscow, you can establish family ties of all family members. This is relevant when it is necessary to find out the true relationship between family members separated in childhood.
Sampling for analysis
Very often the question arises as to what is needed for a DNA paternity test. As a sample for analysis, you can take not only spots or a few drops of blood, but hair, nail, saliva. Fresh biomaterial has a greater chance of creating a high-quality and informative profile. Thanks to modern technology, it is possible to study a sample obtained from traces or prints. Today, a DNA test is carried out even if the particles are not visible to the eye.
In laboratory conditions, when a client calls to establish paternity or degree of relationship, a saliva sample is usually taken. To do this, use sterile instruments: a test tube and a cotton swab. A saliva swab is taken from the inside of the cheek. Such material is called buccal epithelium. In this way, a sample is taken in a genetic laboratory in Moscow even in infants, it is safe and does not require any preparation.
If it is impossible to take biomaterial for research in this way, you can provide for analysis hair that has a hair bulb (at least ten) or a cut nail. You can’t take them with your bare hands, so as not to leave traces or particles of your DNA. It should be understood that such samples may have low information content.
When choosing a clinic where to do a DNA paternity test, it is advisable to clarify in advance the requirements for the received material. So, there is a certain rule that if a client wants to provide hair for a test, then he must be taken with the consent of the person being studied. Among the restrictions on the provision of such material: they cannot be taken from a comb, should not be cut off or dropped out on their own.
In addition, the client can present chewing gum, a cigarette butt, ear wax, a handkerchief.
Reasons for appointment
A citizen can apply to the genetic center in person or by court ruling, which obliges the participants in the process to come to the institution for analysis. It happens that to determine paternity apply in pre-trial order. Compliance with legislation and procedural acts allows us to attach the obtained results to the materials of the investigated case and speed up the process of considering the case.
The initiators may be adult citizens or the parents of a minor, relatives or the judge himself. The basis for the test is also the desire of relatives to establish family ties on the part of the father.
What documents are needed
In order to get an opinion on the DNA test, in most cases there is no need to adhere to strict preparation or collect a lot of directions. But in case the test object is a pregnant woman, the permission of a geneticist and gynecologist may be required. If a sample is taken for the study in relation to a minor, permission of the parent or guardian is required.
How to prepare
If a saliva sample is taken (this is the simplest and most painless method), it is necessary to exclude food intake and various drinks half an hour before taking the biomaterial for analysis. In about three to five minutes, rinse your mouth with plain clean water. Such simple steps are sufficient and quite accessible even for a child. Therefore, if we talk about the issue of preparation, then the psycho-emotional attitude is more important. Since the fence process is fast, you should not worry and worry.
Where to find the genetic laboratory in Moscow
There are several specialized institutions that offer DNA paternity analysis services in Moscow. They are offered to be used at the Genomed Medical and Genetic Center on Podolsky Highway, Building 8, Building 5. You can determine the degree of kinship and fatherhood here around the clock without lunch breaks and weekends. The center has representative offices in other regions.
Do not forget about the state institution - the Medical Genetic Research Center. In the same building is the Center for Molecular Genetics in Moscow, (Moskvorechye St., 1). Both institutions offer to arrange the service remotely, get online consultation and results. Medical facilities guarantee everyone the opportunity to remain anonymous when applying.
Also, for those who have not yet decided where to do a DNA paternity test, there is a Genetics and Reproductive Medicine Center “GENETICO”. He offers his services in Moscow, on Gubkina, 3, bldg. 1. You can visit the institution from Monday to Saturday, on Sunday there is only an appointment for a consultation with a geneticist.
Gemotest also has a laboratory network in Moscow. At the same time, you can not only submit images for research, but also get specialist advice right at the institution.
How to choose a suitable center
Definitely, when choosing an institution, the reputation and long term of its work are of great importance. Moreover, positive reviews and international experience, as well as modern equipment and quality service also deserve some attention.
A modern genetic laboratory has the opportunity to take the studied samples, not only subject to personal appearance for collection for analysis of the biomaterial, but also by courier, mail, specialist’s departure to the house. For this, the institution sends the necessary list of documents, receipts for payment and other necessary instructions.
Cost and terms
Modern technology allows you to quickly conduct a DNA paternity test in a time frame that can pleasantly surprise you. So, subject to urgency and the provision of a quality sample for research, the result will be ready within 24 hours. Naturally, for urgency, you will have to pay almost double the cost of the analysis. However, in some cases, time does not tolerate, and it is good that there are resources to meet the needs of any client.
The Center for Molecular Genetics in Moscow offers several options for obtaining results in a short time. So, the standard time for receiving the result is five working days, express - for one day, urgent - for three. If necessary, study the material by court ruling - 14 days.
Many are interested in how much test DNA costs. For a long time he was one of the most expensive tests. However, to date, its value is beyond the power of every person. If it speaks of a standard analysis at the Center for Molecular Genetics, then its price is 9900 rubles. If necessary, get the result within 24 hours - 24 thousand rubles, urgently - about 16.5 thousand rubles. When a court ruling is available - 12.6 thousand rubles. As soon as you find out how much test DNA costs and in what time frame you can get the result, it becomes obvious which center to choose.
Ways to get the result
DNA diagnostics in Moscow can be carried out remotely, therefore, the client can get the results in any way convenient for him. Thanks to the technical equipment and information technology, the presence on the main site of the personal account of everyone who requests, allows you to get ready-made data without leaving your home. As a rule, there is an order number on the form of an agreement on the provision by a genetic center of its services or statement of payment. It must be entered in the search results box or analysis readiness.
The information obtained can be independently printed, saved to your device (tablet or computer), sent to a doctor for further work.
The reliability of the data
In the genetic laboratory in Moscow, the results obtained have an accuracy of 99.9%. This applies even to such samples that were taken according to a non-standard scheme or only one parent was taken as a source. Private institutions have more modern and advanced equipment, a staff of highly specialized laboratory assistants and doctors who analyze, including those parameters that are not mandatory by generally accepted standards. This allows in some cases to get almost 100% result.
When results are necessary for submission to court
When a family dispute arises, more often because of a reluctance to pay child support, and in matters of inheritance, men resort to a DNA test for paternity. For a court, there is usually no need for the participants themselves to worry about taking biomaterial for analysis. The judge makes a decision on the need for an examination in the genetic laboratory and sends this document to them. It serves as the basis for appointing the date and time of sampling for analysis. Next, participants in the process are sent calls to the center.
In some cases, the court itself determines the time and date - as a rule, these are business days. If one of the participants in the process did not come to the center for taking biomaterial, the visit is postponed to another day. Settlement is made by bank transfer, by paying a receipt at the bank. Thus, the question arises where to do a DNA paternity test, the court independently determines the institution that has the appropriate licenses and qualifications.
Decryption analysis
In the results obtained, the client can see one of two options:
- The likelihood of paternity is excluded. In this case, the man can be 100% sure that he is not the biological parent of the child.
- Virtually proven paternity. The result suggests that the alleged father is 99.9%.