Big changes in Georgia occurred not so long ago. In 2012, Georgia became more of a parliamentary republic, although it was previously considered presidential. It is the parliament that is now making all the important decisions regarding reforms and improving the economy, which will help citizens of the state live much better.
Where is the parliament located?
The Georgian parliament has been moved from the capital of the state - Tbilisi - to Kutaisi, therefore plenary meetings are held exclusively in Kutaisi, and less important parliamentary activities are carried out in Tbilisi.
The essence of the status and regulations of parliament
Today, parliament convenes a session only twice a year. The first session is called spring, it begins in February and lasts until June, the second session - autumn, begins its work in September and ends in December, when the results of the past year are summed up. It should be noted that the work is in full swing almost all year round, as the Georgian parliament carries out not only weeks of meetings, but also carries out active work in committees. Legislative power acts in accordance with the laws enshrined in the Constitution, and states that certain republics - Abkhazia and Adjara, which are now considered to be uncontrolled territories of Georgia, are limited to the legislative power.
Parliament Development History
In the history of Georgia there is such a thing as “darbazi”. It was with him that the first attempt to organize the Georgian parliament begins. Darbazi was very similar to the Sejm and was organized under Queen Tamara, but all ideas were not destined to be implemented, therefore, it was not possible to organize a parliament. In 1906-1917, the deputies still had to convene a meeting, but they were only representatives from Georgia in the State Duma of the then Russian Empire.
As a result, the first parliament of Georgia was created in the Georgian Republic in 1918. With the formation of the Georgian SSR in 1921, when Soviet power was already established, a one-party system appeared, until 1991 the Communist Party of the Georgian SSR existed. The development of the Georgian parliament did not end there, and, as history shows, these were the first steps towards the establishment of a new parliamentary republic.
By 1990, there were already several parties on the territory of Georgia; therefore, on October 28, parliamentary elections were held in Georgia, at which several parties ran simultaneously. Then the chairmen of the parliament was Zviad Gamsakhurdia, who later became the president of the state. But in 1991-1992, there was a conflict between the parliament and the new president, which gradually grew into an armed military clash of supporters of the president and the main legislative body, and the entire supreme council was dispersed with the help of the military. In 1992, direct elections were held, where the people themselves elected the parliament.
The composition of the Parliament of Georgia today
Since 2008, the Georgian parliament has been considered unicameral and includes 150 deputies. According to all the rules, according to the Constitution of the state, 77 deputies are elected by lists, there are also 73 single-member districts. Deputies may be elected only for four years by voting, after which re-election of deputies takes place.
How has the composition of the government been updated ?
Not so long ago, at an extraordinary plenary meeting, a decision was made to update the cabinet, and a new program was adopted that will help the state to develop and act for the benefit of civilian well-being. According to the laws of Georgia, the parliament has the right to express confidence in the new government, after which the speaker draws up a special act, which is sent for signature to the president and approved by the prime minister. The head of state must make a decision within two days. The results of the parliamentary elections in Georgia showed that people are striving for changes for the better, which is why the Georgian Dream party became the winner, which proposed its own development program. Following the election, Giorgi Kvirikashvili became Prime Minister.
The current composition in the Parliament of Georgia
This is not to say that the recent elections were easy; on the contrary, the struggle was serious and difficult. This time, 110 deputies out of the current 150 voted for confidence in the government, only 19 deputies who turned out to be supporters of exiled President Mikheil Saakashvili and the Alliance of Patriots faction showed negative results, representatives of these parties left the hall and did not vote. But, despite this, the vote was recognized as legitimate, and the renewed parliament of Georgia, the composition of which was mainly represented by the deputies of the main party “Georgian Dream,” began its work.
- The head of the cabinet was Georgy Kvirikashvili. Together with 16 ministers and two state ministers, he began active work on reforms.
- The Minister of Finance also changed, Dmitry Kumsishvili came to this post with a new program aimed at developing the economy.
- George Gakharia, who used to be the secretary of the council for economics, became the Minister of Economics.
- Kakha Kaladze became Minister of Energy.
- The former head of strategic projects - Zurab Alavidze, received the position of Minister of Infrastructure.
No further significant changes took place in the Georgian parliament; all other ministers remained in their posts. Great hopes are laid on the parliament, as it is the parliament that is responsible for all the reforms and their results. There have been not so many elections in Georgia throughout history, but the latter turned out to be the most difficult and took place in two stages. At the first stage, three parties won at the same time, but the Georgian Dream party managed to get an absolute victory, which, as a result of the vote, managed to get 115 votes. An independent candidate named Salome Zurabishvili and Simon Nozadze, who was nominated by the Industry Will Save Georgia Party, were also elected to parliament. The team that is working now has directed its efforts towards one goal - to make Georgia a prosperous state.