Before considering the chemical properties of carbon dioxide, we will find out some characteristics of this compound.
General information
Carbon dioxide is an essential component of sparkling water. It is he who gives the drinks freshness, sparkling. This compound is an acid, salt forming oxide. The relative molecular weight of carbon dioxide is 44 g / mol. This gas is heavier than air, so it accumulates in the lower part of the room. This compound is poorly soluble in water.
Chemical properties
Consider the chemical properties of carbon dioxide briefly. When interacting with water, the formation of weak carbonic acid occurs. It almost immediately after formation dissociates into hydrogen cations and anions of carbonate or bicarbonate. The resulting compound interacts with active metals, oxides, as well as with alkalis.
What are the main chemical properties of carbon dioxide? The reaction equations confirm the acidic nature of this compound. Carbon monoxide (4) is able to form carbonates with basic oxides.
Physical properties
Under normal conditions, this compound is in a gaseous state. With increasing pressure, you can transfer it to a liquid state. This gas has no color, is odorless, has a slight sour taste. Liquefied carbon dioxide is a colorless, transparent, easily mobile acid, similar in its external parameters to ether or alcohol.
The relative molecular weight of carbon dioxide is 44 g / mol. This is almost 1.5 times more than air.
If the temperature drops to -78.5 degrees Celsius, dry ice forms . Its hardness is similar to chalk. Upon evaporation of this substance, gaseous carbon monoxide is formed (4).
Quality response
Considering the chemical properties of carbon dioxide, it is necessary to highlight its qualitative reaction. The interaction of this chemical with lime water (calcium hydroxide) results in the formation of a cloudy precipitate of calcium carbonate.
Cavendish was able to detect such characteristic physical properties of carbon monoxide (4) as solubility in water, as well as a high specific gravity.
Lavoisier conducted a chemical experiment in which he tried to isolate pure metal from oxide of screw.
The chemical properties of carbon dioxide identified as a result of such studies have confirmed the reducing properties of this compound. Lavoisier, when calcining lead oxide with carbon monoxide (4), managed to obtain metal. In order to make sure that the second substance is carbon monoxide (4), he passed lime water through the gas.
All chemical properties of carbon dioxide confirm the acidic nature of this compound. In the earth's atmosphere, this compound is contained in sufficient quantities. With the systematic growth of this compound in the earth's atmosphere, serious climate change is possible (global warming).
It is carbon dioxide that plays an important role in wildlife, because this chemical substance takes an active part in the metabolism of living cells. It is this chemical compound that is the result of various oxidative processes associated with the respiration of living organisms.
Carbon dioxide in the earth’s atmosphere is the main carbon source for living plants. In the process of photosynthesis (in the light), the process of photosynthesis occurs, which is accompanied by the formation of glucose, the release of oxygen into the atmosphere.
Carbon dioxide does not have toxic properties, it does not support breathing. With an increased concentration of this substance in the atmosphere, a person holds breath, severe headaches appear. In living organisms, carbon dioxide has an important physiological significance, for example, it is necessary for the regulation of vascular tone.
Features of obtaining
On an industrial scale, carbon dioxide can be emitted from flue gas. In addition, CO2 is a by-product of the decomposition of dolomite, limestone. Modern installations for the production of carbon dioxide involve the use of an aqueous solution of ethanamine adsorbing the gas contained in the flue gas.
In the laboratory, carbon dioxide is released by the interaction of carbonates or bicarbonates with acids.
Carbon dioxide application
This acid oxide is used in industry as a baking powder or preservative. On the product packaging, this compound is indicated in the form of E290. In liquid form, carbon dioxide is used in fire extinguishers to extinguish fires. Carbon monoxide (4) is used to produce sparkling water and lemonade drinks.