Many people believe that corrective pedagogy is pedagogy aimed at correcting children with difficult behavior. People call them “neglected” or children from dysfunctional families. But for a long time corrective pedagogy in primary education has acquired other directions. But let's figure it out.
Who is a correctional teacher?
The specialty "Corrective pedagogy in primary education" is aimed at helping children with disabilities and impaired intelligence in teaching. It can be both congenital and acquired diseases.
Such children are trained in a specific correctional institution, where correctional teachers work. They weaken or replace developmental deficiencies.
The tasks of the correctional teacher include:
- To carry out pedagogical control.
- Plan goals and tasks of lessons, focusing on each child.
- Assess the process and performance.
- Conduct pedagogical diagnostics.
- Work with parents of children.
- Select a program taking into account the characteristics of the class.
- Create a subject-developing environment in the office.
- Write reports for each child.
Who does the correctional teacher work with?
Answering this question, it’s easier to say with whom the correctional teacher does not work. Children with autism, Down syndrome, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, mental retardation, disorders of the musculoskeletal system, as well as visually impaired and hard of hearing. Therefore, going to study in the specialty “Correctional Pedagogy in Primary Education”, people often receive several additional specialties. This profession allows you to constantly be in the process of studying, since there are so many branches of correctional pedagogy.
Where to study?
At the correctional teacher they are taught in technical schools, colleges and universities. If a specialist already has a pedagogical education, then he can take courses for continuing education. Choosing such courses, focus not on the price, but on the fact that you are taught how to do GEF.
Corrective pedagogy in primary education is not the easiest profession. She needs not only a certain character, but also a sense of vocation for the profession. And although before going to college or university, teenagers do not think about how their professional life will develop in the future, there are a number of scientific books that can help determine the choice of a profession.
Where to start learning?
The most famous book, which is recommended to read to all students of pedagogical universities and just interested - “Correctional pedagogy in primary education” Kumarina. This book is about the basics, about the skeleton of correctional pedagogy.
In it you can find information:
- On the basics of pedagogy and its specific field - special (corrective) pedagogy.
- About school maladaptation.
- On educational relations and the organization of correctional and educational education.
- About pedagogical diagnostics.
- On the main directions of corrective pedagogy.
- On the development and improvement of spatial representations, coordination of movements of the hands and fingers, visual perception.
The book consists of a whole introductory course, which, in addition to the above, talks about everything that a specialist may encounter.
Methods in Correctional Pedagogy
Correctional pedagogy in primary education is based on several specific methods.
- The method of conversation or the method of collecting psychological and pedagogical data through the communication of the teacher with the child. Moreover, much depends on the teacher’s ability to create an emotional and psychological atmosphere suitable for the child. The teacher in the course of the conversation not only interprets words, but also non-verbal signs. Such a method in corrective pedagogy is suitable only for children with developed speech functions.
- Observation method. This method is divided immediately into several different ways. The child can be observed, being included in the process of his activity, or vice versa, standing on the sidelines. You can do this openly or, on the contrary, closed, using the Gisell mirror. Usually, the teacher maintains a plan of his observations, writes down feelings and thoughts, and then analyzes the material received. However, there are also disadvantages to this method - each person interprets what they see according to their own standards.
- Questioning Method. The most standard and common method. Children in primary school are not always able to fill out a questionnaire, so it is not suitable for every type of institution and not every child.
- The method of pedagogical experiment. This is a comprehensive approach to diagnosing a child. This method uses personal data, conversations, observations, and much more. Establishing relationships and patterns is the main goal of this method.
- A method of analyzing activity products and anamnestic information. With this method , the child’s medical record is examined and a diagnosis is made based on his medical history. The study also includes viewing crafts, school notebooks, and much more that the child did.
- The method of studying the documentation. For each child, kindergartens and schools maintain a specific dossier. It is for him that corrective teachers can, after analyzing, draw conclusions.
These are the simplest and most well-known methods. However, there are more serious methods, such as PMPK (psychological-medical-pedagogical consultation), where absolutely all information received by psychologists, speech therapists, parents, social workers, corrective educators and doctors is collected and processed. The purpose of this method is to draw up an individual plan for the development of the child.
Some statistics
Despite the demand for the specialty “Corrective pedagogy in primary education”, the salary is quite low in the regions of Russia. With the crisis, the situation worsened. Based on statistical data, salary in Moscow fell from 40 to 30 thousand rubles. But the demand for correctional teachers has not fallen, and there are quite a lot of vacancies. The same demand can be observed in the Leningrad region and in the Altai Territory.
The highest salaries in the Moscow region and the Republic of Tatarstan are 32.5 thousand rubles each. A little lower Leningrad region with a salary of 30 thousand rubles. And closes the top 5 Astrakhan and Kemerovo regions with wages of 18 and 16 thousand, respectively.
However, choosing or not to enter a university with a degree in “Corrective Pedagogy in Primary Education” is worth focusing not only on salaries and demand in your region - the more important thing is whether you want to devote your life to this!