Acne, or acne, is a dermatological disease, manifested in the appearance of acne or black spots on the face, back, hands. Such a defect, as a rule, arises as a result of the development of inflammatory processes in the sebaceous glands and an increase in sebum secretion. Today we will talk about medicines, and also consider folk remedies for acne and acne on the face.
Types of Acne
- Comedones are white acne. They appear on the face as a result of clogging of pores or hair follicles with a sebum plug. There are two types of comedones: open and closed. All of them are a manifestation of the first stage (mild form) of acne. Open comedone under the influence of oxygen changes its color. The result is a "black pimple." Closed comedone is a small white ball under the skin.
- Papulopustular acne results from inflammation of comedones. Papules are bluish or red acne. When you click on them, pain is felt, and the inflamed comedone itself becomes white. Pustule differs from papule by the presence of pus in the hole of the pimple. When pressed with fingers, this content breaks through the upper layers of the skin and comes to the surface. Papulopustular acne is also called red acne.
- Nodular-cystic acne is formed in the deep layers of the skin of the face. Such a disease can develop over several years. Nodular-cystic acne require systemic treatment.
- Acne Acne is a serious problem that requires long-term medication.
Disease severity
The first degree is characterized by inflammation of certain areas of the facial skin. As a result of this, comedones appear, sometimes rare papules and pustules appear.
In the second stage, almost the entire skin of the face is covered with acne. Comedones and papulopustular acne appear on the body.
The third stage of the disease is characterized by the development of the inflammatory process. In this case, itching and redness of the skin of the face may occur.
At the fourth stage, the inflammatory process penetrates into the deepest layers of the dermis. As a result, spherical acne appears bluish or red. Such a disease requires systemic treatment.
Causes of Acne
Facial skin is highly susceptible to endogenous and exogenous factors. The appearance of acne can be triggered by various causes. Consider the most common of them:
- Hormonal disruptions. In adolescence, there is a restructuring of all body systems. At this time, more hormones are released, which stimulate the secretion of sebum and provoke the appearance of acne.
- Decreased immunity.
- Violation of the daily routine and improper diet. Frequent use of fatty foods, sugary, carbonated drinks leads to intoxication of the body. As a result, the production of sebum increases, and acne appears on the face.
- Disorders of the endocrine system.
- Digestive diseases.
- Disorders of the liver.
- Genetic predisposition to acne.
- Poor facial skin hygiene.
- Stress and emotional upheaval cause disturbances in the functioning of the endocrine system, which is manifested in the appearance of acne on the body.
- Climatic factors.
Products that cause acne
Facial skin health is closely linked to a person’s lifestyle. Improper nutrition often causes various dermatological diseases, including acne. So, what foods should be excluded from your diet to avoid acne?
- Alcohol. Alcohol negatively affects the metabolism. As a result, sebum production increases and acne appears.
- Flour and sweets should also be used with caution. Persons suffering from constant acne should completely exclude such desserts from their diet.
- Fatty dairy products. You can not completely exclude these dishes from the diet, you should simply limit their use.
- Convenience foods and fast food are dangerous not only for the stomach, but also for the skin.
- Too greasy and spicy dishes provoke fermentation in the stomach and inflammation of the skin.
Acne Treatment
In the first stages of treating the disease, folk remedies for acne and acne are effective. During this period, it is necessary to provide proper skin care for the face and exclude factors that provoke rash.
The third and fourth stages of the development of the disease require serious therapy. Depending on the causes and nature of acne, the doctor may prescribe antibiotics, special cosmetic preparations, a variety of masks, gels and creams.
The regular external use of topical drugs in combination with general drug therapy gives positive results just a few months after the start of treatment. However, the use of such drugs (antibiotics, retinoids) should only be under the supervision of a doctor.
So, how to treat acne with drugs?
Drug treatment
Drug therapy for acne includes the use of anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antiseptic agents.
Consider the main substances that are part of anti-acne drugs:
- Salicylic acid. The substance has antiseptic and antibacterial properties, quickly eliminates the inflammatory process. In addition, it dries the skin and heals post-acne (spots that remain after acne).
- Azelaic acid. It has antiseptic properties, quickly blocks the foci of inflammation. Reduces the amount of free fatty acids on the surface of the skin.
- Retinoids are substances similar in structure to vitamin A. The external use of such drugs allows you to get rid of acne in a short time. Retinoids slow down the growth and maturation of skin cells, reduce the amount of sebum.
Consider the most popular and effective antiseptic agents for acne and acne on the face.
Acne Antiseptic
- "Streptocide." An antimicrobial drug is prescribed for various skin diseases, including and with acne.
- Gel "Metrogil" - an effective cure for acne. The drug has a bactericidal effect. Gel "Metrogil" is prescribed for the treatment of acne and pink acne in adolescents.
- Effezel gel stops the process of formation of comedones (prevents excessive production of subcutaneous fat), relieves inflammation, and has an antimicrobial effect.
- Suspension "Tsindol" - eliminates the foci of inflammation, soothes and dries the skin.
- Cream-gel for acne Skinoren. Reduces the number of comedones, relieves inflammation and has an antimicrobial effect.
- "Differin" is a retinoid drug with an anti-acne effect. Eliminates foci of inflammation, dries out the skin.
- Gel "Klenzit" suspends the production of subcutaneous fat and prevents the formation of acne. It is used in the mild stages of the disease, in some cases it is part of the complex treatment of severe forms of acne.
Antibiotics
External antibiotics are effective remedies for acne and acne on the face. Consider the most popular abiotic drugs that are used to treat diseases of the dermis:
- Ointment for acne and acne "Zinerit." The active substance of the ointment is erythromycin. In combination with zinc acetate, this antibiotic has an antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effect. In addition, “Zinerit” reduces the secretion of sebum and prevents the formation of new foci of inflammation.
- Dalacin-T. The active substance of the drug is clindamycin. "Dalacin-T" is used for the treatment of inflammatory acne, ulcers, nodular-cystic acne.
- Isotrexin gel contains the antibiotic erythromycin and isotretinoin retinoid. It is used to treat severe forms of acne. It has an antibacterial effect, relieves inflammation, reduces the secretion of subcutaneous fat.
- Klenzit-S. The active substance of the drug is clindamycin. The antibiotic quickly destroys the bacteria that trigger the formation of blackheads.
How to treat acne with folk remedies?
Alternative medicine recipes can help cope with a mild form of acne. Various herbs can be used to prepare decoctions and tinctures, compresses and acne ointments.
What plants should be included in anti-acne products?
- Calendula has antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties. Effective acne masks are made on the basis of calendula at home.
- Aloe is a universal plant that is often used to treat skin diseases. It contains a large number of healthy vitamins. Thanks to this, aloe promotes the development of local immunity and eliminates comedones.
- Celandine has a bactericidal and analgesic effect, relieves inflammation and soothes the skin.
- Dandelion - nourishes the skin with beneficial substances, has an anti-inflammatory effect.
- Chamomile is a real find for people who suffer from various dermatological diseases. The plant gently affects the skin, soothes it, relieves inflammation and helps to quickly eliminate the rash.
Celandine-based recipes
Folk remedies for acne and acne on the face based on celandine will help to quickly get rid of inflammation and give the skin a healthy look.
To prepare an effective anti-acne decoction, grind 4 tbsp. l celandine herbs and fill it with boiling water (half a liter). Boil the mixture for 5 minutes and leave it under the lid for several hours. Daily compresses with this tool.
Calendula-based recipes
Based on calendula, you can make effective acne remedies at home.
To prepare the tincture, take the inflorescences of the plant (1 tbsp.), Add boiling water (half a liter) to them and leave in a warm place for half an hour. Daily make lotions with such a tool.
In addition, you can prepare a tincture based on calendula and honey, which has anti-inflammatory and soothing properties and effectively cures acne. To do this, take 1 tbsp. l tinctures of calendula (it can be done independently or purchased at a pharmacy), 1 tsp. honey and a glass of water. Mix the ingredients thoroughly. Do compresses daily.
Acne Masks
With the help of simple products, you can prepare effective blackhead masks at home. Consider the most popular recipes:
- Kefir mask. Take the oatmeal and rub it thoroughly into powder. 1 tbsp. l mix oatmeal with kefir (1 cup) and add 1 drop of lemon oil. Apply the mixture to problem areas for half an hour.
- Onion mask. Take 1 onion and chop it on a grater. Mix 1 tsp. the resulting slurry with a small spoonful of sugar. Then grind laundry soap and add it to the onion-sugar mixture. Once a week, apply the onion mask to the problem areas for 15 minutes.
- Honey mask effectively combats acne and unpleasant skin itching. To prepare it, you will need honey (2 tsp), freshly squeezed lemon juice (a few drops) and yolk. The mixture is applied to problem areas for 15 minutes. Such a mask not only helps to quickly get rid of acne, but also tones and refreshes the skin, improves its color.
Features of problem skin care
- Squeezing acne and blackheads is strictly prohibited. This can lead not only to skin injuries, but also to even greater inflammation.
- You can not wash more than twice a day. The sebaceous glands secrete sebum, which protects the dermis from damage and overdrying. Frequent washing leads to a violation of these functions. That is why the glands begin to produce more and more fat, which provokes the appearance of blackheads.
- If your skin is prone to acne, you need to normalize your daily routine and nutrition. Sweet and fatty foods, as well as flour products, should be excluded from the diet.
- Peeling is recommended once a week. This will help cleanse the skin and get rid of dead cells.
- Avoid hypothermia.
- Use special cosmetics for oily skin.
- Avoid frequent sun exposure.