Analysis of the story "Longing." Chekhov A.P. - master of soulful psychological sketches

Usually, when a person thinks about A.P. Chekhov, then come to mind his humorous or “revealing” compositions, but the Russian classic is also good in serious, psychological prose, reliably describing the tragedy of the individual. Our article, we hope, will fully demonstrate this, its subject is the analysis of the story “Tosca”. Chekhov in the spotlight.

A car driver indifferent to bad weather

Snowing. The old cab driver Jonah silently surrenders to the hands of the weather. Precipitation covers it in an even layer on a par with other objects of the surrounding world. He comes out of his stupor only when a client approaches him - a military man and asks to take him to Vyborg. Jonah carries him somehow, not until work for him yet. A week ago, his son died with him, which he is trying to tell his passenger about, but he only asked why he died and that’s it, and then the trip was over.

And at a house, or maybe somewhere under a lamp, old Jonah again plunged into his tragic suspended animation.

In order to analyze the story “Tosca” (A. Chekhov wrote it), you need to go through those points of the plot that are important for understanding the inner world of the main character of the story.

Two tall and humpback

Jonah must again return to the outside world from the country of his woeful thoughts - he has passengers. Now there are three of them: two tall and one humpbacked. They decide for a long time who will go while standing and who will be sitting. And as a result, a council of passengers decides that a humpback should ride while standing, as he is the lowest, and the tall ones will sit. The company bargained on the two-horned, but the old man doesn’t care, because his son died. He also tells these passengers the mournful news, but the young people reply only: "We will all be there." It is well known that usually nothing is present behind this phrase.

But the cab driver is good, because it is noisy in his carriage, and if there is a hitch, then there is no silence. Internal and external silence recedes for a while. And consequently, melancholy passes.

But music from human voices didn’t play for long, and these gentlemen should go out too.

Jonah realizes that he is not a worker today and is returning home, to the courtyard - a haven where his other colleagues sleep. It seems that the analysis of the story "Tosca" (Chekhov author) fully conveys the general mood of the work.

Longing that can flood the whole world if it comes out

An old man sits by an old and dirty stove. The hut is clogged with other cabmen. They are sleeping. Here one (young) wakes up and reaches for a bucket of water, Jonah tries to talk to him about his son, but all in vain, the young colleague has not yet let Morpheus leave him and he is not up to the old man’s emotional outpourings. Here the analysis of the story "Tosca" (Chekhov gave it to the world) reaches its highest degree on the scale of hopelessness.

It turns out that the best listener of the old man was not so far all this time - this is his filly. At the end of the story, he goes to the stable and trusts all of his mental suffering. We hope that the old man will not continue to suffer so much anguish.

Each person experiences in a different way the grief that suddenly fell on him.

Someone needs to be alone, and someone needs noise, people are needed in order not to hear the terrifying inner silence. In general, Chekhov’s work, probably, should not be called “Tosca”, but “Woe”, such a title more accurately reflects the old man’s emotional mood, but he has his own drawback: intrigue disappears in the story, everything becomes clear and understandable. To this conclusion we are led by an analysis of Chekhov's story "Tosca."

The cab driver does not want to be left alone, because his solitude implies self-absorption automatically. A person in this state begins to "digest" himself. He asks himself too many questions that have no answer.

Death is the inexplicable failure of human existence.

In general, death is something that cannot be explained, death has reasons, but no explanation. The dear reader must have caught himself thinking such a thing, even when not a young, but an old, but close person dies. In this case, the relatives have all the documents on their hands that indicate the physical cause of death, from a moral point of view, the sudden onset of non-existence cannot be explained.

Our analysis of Chekhov's story "Tosca" shows that the old man felt about the same thing. The unfortunate father would even like to exchange his life for the life of his son, but no. Each one can not calculate or calculate his term of stay on this earth in any way, because the length of life depends on many interrelated factors, which mathematically cannot be determined. People go into another world, not following the queue, and those who remain here (on the ground) only scrape and wait in the wings.

Why are people so callous and animals so responsive?

The answer is simple: people have “affairs”, and animals are not busy with anything, they only sleep, eat and work (if we are talking about horses). Otherwise, they are completely free, they can withstand an arbitrarily long conversation. They have no racial, age or professional prejudice. You can easily talk about death with them, because they don’t know what it is and they will never know: animals have no consciousness, they perceive death here and now, which allows them not to experience the process of dying during life. For them, death simply occurs as inevitability, as a natural course of things, but a person is inclined to seek a higher meaning both in life and in death. This is how he turns out death-centric to our analysis of A.P. Chekhov's story "Longing."

Next, we continue the discussion. But at the same time, it is worth talking about the loss of loved ones with animals. They fully understand man in this sense, for some animals are extremely attached to relatives and offspring. The Russian classic does not show how much the horse empathizes with its owner, but it is all the better for people that at least listened to him.

A.P. Chekhov - a doctor with a stale heart

It is surprising that such a soulful essay about a person is written by a doctor by training, who should have lost all sensitivity to human grief during his training. But no, Tosca (an analysis of Chekhov's work is almost complete) proves that the Russian classic retained his psychological sensitivity despite his education.

In general, Chekhov’s attitude toward man is complicated: on the one hand, he has no illusions about his fellow man. He soberly evaluates both the merits and demerits of human nature, sometimes carried away by criticism or ridicule, but the artist is allowed such weakness. On the other hand, he pities a person, maybe even looking for an opportunity to save him, but does he find it? “Tosca” (an analysis of Chekhov’s work leads us to this idea) argues that going out in unity with other living beings, even if not human.

The works of the Russian classic are an excellent antidote against "anesthesia of the heart," the ossification of the soul. Moreover, Chekhov is so versatile that it can be read in any mood. You can be sad and have fun with him, the main thing is to choose a suitable story. Under the sad mood fits "Longing." Chekhov Anton Pavlovich wrote with great grace, skill and taste. It is gratifying that they nevertheless leave man with hope for better times.