Almost all fires (with the exception of those rare cases when natural spontaneous combustion occurs) arise as a result of human neglect. In cities and villages, the peak of fires occurs in the autumn-winter period, when the load on heating appliances increases. And the reasons, of course, are in violation of the rules for operating electrical appliances. Do not ignore the fire safety rules - they are written by life itself. And deaths. Most people die in fires not from burns, but from poisoning by combustion products and smoke. Observance of elementary rules will allow you to avoid tragedies.
Basic fire safety rules for the population:
- use only certified appliances;
- Do not leave sources of fire and electrical appliances unattended;
- Do not place heating appliances near beds and flammable objects (no closer than 1 m);
- check the serviceability of heating appliances and stoves before the heating season begins;
- Do not use faulty stoves and fireplaces;
- monitor the serviceability of exhaust ventilation;
- Do not use boilers for heating and speakers in the absence of draft;
- Do not independently gasify houses and apartments, repair (or replace) gas and electric equipment;
- do not turn off the automation of adjustment and safety, do not glue the ventilation ducts;
- if a gas leak is detected, turn off the supply and leave the apartment, calling the gas service;
- if a fire is detected, try to extinguish the fire yourself (if the fire has not spread and occupies a small area), using the most suitable and available means (fire extinguisher, water, sand); if the fire cannot be extinguished within a short time, call the fire department and leave the house (apartment).
Fire safety rules at the enterprise are an integral part of the entire production activity. Responsible for fire safety (PB) is the director (or owner) of this production (or a person authorized by the director). The duties of the head or the person responsible for safety measures include: developing comprehensive measures aimed at fire safety; development and approval of regulations and instructions; monitoring the implementation of these instructions; instructing and training staff; maintenance in good condition of communications, fire protection, fire fighting equipment, equipment and inventory; the creation of fire brigades; implementation of fire-fighting industrial automation; informing the fire department about equipment malfunctions; conducting official investigations in case of fires.
At each facility, an instruction should be freely available that displays the fire safety rules with an evacuation plan. New employees are required to undergo safety training followed by a test of knowledge. Persons who have not undergone training should not be allowed to work.
Children are especially vulnerable in the event of a fire. And most often they die. Fire safety rules for children and their observance rest entirely with the parents. Basic Rules:
- do not play with matches and with fire;
- Do not turn on the TV and other electrical appliances without adults;
- in case of a fire do not hide in a closet or under a bed, leave the apartment and call for help;
- if the fire blocked the exit, go to the balcony or ask for help from the window;
- if the clothes light up, drop to the floor and ride, - this will help to put out the fire;
- Do not use the elevator during a fire;
- adults must extinguish the fire , but firefighters can be called by themselves by dialing "01", "112", or "011" from a mobile phone.
Parents, do not neglect safety rules and explain them to children. Teach your child to think: only adults can use fire. Keep matches and lighters away. Conduct conversations, talk about how dangerous fire is and how to behave if trouble suddenly does come. The child must know the rules of fire safety. Especially if he is left at home alone.