It's no secret that human blood can belong to one of four groups. They are genetically determined and laid back in the fifth week of embryo development, after which they do not change throughout life. The basis of this division is the presence of antigens and antibodies in the blood. Their combination and ratio determines the blood group of a person. When determining the blood group, the presence of antigens (A and B) and antibodies (alpha and beta) are taken into account. The first blood group is considered the most common , which is also universal, i.e. Suitable for all when transfused. But recently, the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation has banned transfusions if the groups do not match. Thus, the condition of identity must be met for the possibility of transfusion, despite the universality of blood of the first group.
In addition, human blood has such a characteristic as a Rh factor. It can be negative and positive. Rhesus is a protein located on the surface of red blood cells. A negative blood group is characterized by the lack of protein, which in no case is a pathology. This is just a feature of the blood. Rh-positive blood, on the contrary, has this protein in its composition. It is very important to consider the Rh factor for
blood transfusion. For example, if the patient has the first negative blood group, he should not be transfused with the first Rh-positive. This is fraught with Rh conflict, which can only aggravate the condition of the patient, and not help him. And even lead to death. Given that Rh-negative people on the planet are only about 15%, then among them the first negative blood group is rare.
For transfusion, it is best to use the blood of the closest relatives, since it most closely matches the composition, especially when it comes to the rare first negative group.
The course of pregnancy and childbirth in women.
It is likely that the first negative blood type can cause some problems to women during pregnancy. This is due to the occurrence of a Rhesus conflict due to a positive Rhesus in the fetus. But this is possible only with a positive Rh factor in the father of the child, who was inherited and the baby. But in such cases, modern medicine is able to cope. It is important only to go through all the necessary procedures in time. If the father of the child also has a negative Rh factor, then the course of pregnancy will not be any different from Rh-positive mothers. Otherwise, the first negative blood group has no contraindications for pregnancy and childbirth. It will also be good if one of the relatives with the same blood is in “combat readiness” in case of large blood loss in the woman in labor, so that she can quickly donate the necessary blood or its elements.
It is important for each person to know their blood type and rhesus, in order to notify doctors if necessary. Some even make a special mark in the passport, which helps to avoid wasting time on analysis in emergency situations.