Dual citizenship is something that not every citizen has. In Russia, it is allowed to be a citizen of several countries at once. More precisely, two - of the Russian Federation and some other locality. Only this feature should be warned by the government. What is the term for dual citizenship notification? What you need to know about this feature? Is it really necessary to become a citizen of the Russian Federation if a person is already bound by obligations with another country? About all the features of this process below. In fact, understanding the topic is not as difficult as it seems!
Dual citizenship is ...
The first step is to understand what is at stake. What is dual citizenship? And why was it invented?
Dual citizenship is a situation in which a citizen has every right to use all the opportunities of several countries at once. A person has a responsibility not only to Russia, but also to another locality. This feature may not occur in all. But only for those citizens who are simultaneously citizens of countries with which the Russian Federation has concluded an appropriate agreement.
If a person has the citizenship of a country with which the agreement does not take place, then this factor bears no particularities in relations and obligations to Russia. A person will be considered as a citizen of only the Russian Federation. And in another country - as a person on whom the obligations of a particular state lie. In fact, the responsibilities of both countries will have to be fully implemented.
Why is it necessary
Why dual citizenship required? In the Russian Federation, foreigners cannot use some of the country's capabilities. It happens that foreign citizens move to permanent residence in Russia, but at the same time they do not want to completely break off ties with their homeland. Then it is permitted in some cases to obtain dual citizenship.
In this situation, a person will be considered both as a citizen of Russia and as a foreigner. He has the right to enjoy all the benefits of both countries. This is precisely the meaning of registration. But do not forget about responsibility. For example, about military service. After all, at a certain moment it will be necessary to "pay back the debt to the Homeland." Are people with dual citizenship obligated to fulfill their obligations to several countries at once?
freedom of choice
Not at all. The presence of dual citizenship is a kind of freedom of choice. The thing is that in this case a person has the full right to choose independently the country in which he will fulfill legal duties. Pay attention, for example, to military service. If a person is a citizen of several countries at the same time, he should not serve several times. How to be?
Instead, a person is required to notify the migration service of where he would like to serve. And then in the second country this duty will automatically be counted. Or it is allowed to begin immediately to fulfill duties to one country.
By the way, children of citizens with several citizenships automatically become “residents” of both localities. Or parents can choose which country this or that child will belong to, which practically does not occur.
Reasons for obtaining
Registration of dual citizenship is not such a difficult process. There are some reasons under which people have the right to take shape in several countries at once as official citizens of certain states.
What should I pay attention to first of all? People have the right to freely register the feature under study with countries with which Russia has relevant agreements. At the moment, these are Turkmenistan and Tajikistan.
Also, dual citizenship in the Russian Federation is obtained in the presence of special factors (for other countries). For example, a relationship with one of the inhabitants of Russia. Or the acquisition of real estate in the country. The most common case is marriage. So, if the union does not contradict the rules established in both countries, you can obtain a second citizenship. And after that, enjoy all the benefits of both states. There is no more reason.
Do I need to report
Registration of dual citizenship raises many questions among the population. For example, is it necessary to notify someone in Russia of the presence of a passport of another state. The laws established in 2014 provide an accurate answer to the question posed.
The thing is that talking about dual citizenship is always necessary. But there are exceptions. For example, if a person constantly lives in the country in which he is listed as a citizen. In this situation, it is not required to report to anyone in Russia that a second passport is taking place.
But if we are talking about cases of residence on the territory of the Russian Federation, then you will have to contact certain authorities to notify of another citizenship. This condition is regulated by the Federal Law "On Citizenship of the Russian Federation" dated July 4, 2014.
If you do not inform
One more important point should be noted. The notice period for dual citizenship in Russia is clearly established at the legislative level. If a person ignores the need to report the presence of yet another passport, the resident “silent” will be in trouble.
The fact is that silence and concealment of dual citizenship is a crime. And he will have to be punished. Which one? At best, you can get off with a fine. It is about 200,000 rubles. At worst, compulsory work lasting up to 400 hours.
Neither the first nor the second prospects are particularly encouraging. Therefore, it is recommended that you stay in Russia and have a second passport to report it. What is the deadline for notification of dual citizenship and how to bring the idea to life? Everything is much simpler than it seems.
Where to go
First you need to understand which authorities to contact in this situation. It should be remembered that, being outside of Russia, there is no need to report here on the availability of a second passport. The rule is valid only for residents of the Russian Federation.
Filing a dual citizenship notice is possible at several authorities. And citizens themselves can choose exactly where to turn to them. Among the possible options are:
- UFMS;
- MFC;
- portal "State services";
- Division of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.
In connection with the latest changes, the service called the FMS was abolished. Dual citizenship, therefore, cannot become known through this service. And they talk about him either with the help of the Ministry of Internal Affairs unit on migration issues, or through multifunctional centers. But the timing of the notification remained unchanged.
For adults
What time limits should citizens meet? The thing is that you can answer this question without much difficulty. There is a definite answer. The notice period for dual citizenship in Russia is 60 days in 2016. The countdown starts from the moment a person received a second passport.
It turns out that after acquiring a second citizenship, it is required to declare it in the next two months. Otherwise, the citizen is waiting for the onset of one or another responsibility. Despite the fact that most often fines are imposed on violators, the very prospect of punishment is not encouraging.
That is why you should contact as soon as possible the bodies that now replace the FMS. Dual citizenship is a dual opportunity. And hiding them in Russia, if a person lives in the Federation, is prohibited. It is a crime!
For minors
But the previously mentioned rule is valid only for adults. How to be children? Should they report having a second passport? According to the laws established in Russia, all citizens who have not yet reached the age of 18 who live in the country are required to report to their migration services about their special situation.
The notice period for dual citizenship for minors remains the same - 60 days, starting from the moment of becoming a citizen of another state. The only difference is that the children will act on behalf of the parents. The legal representatives of minors are required to report the second citizenship of all children.
About Notification
In fact, the process under study should not be afraid. Bringing it to life is much easier than it might seem. The thing is that a person should simply fill out a special form on dual citizenship, and then, having presented several documents, apply to the relevant authorities. In fact, an application of the established form is simply submitted, which states that a person is a citizen of not only Russia, but also of another state.
Thus, the procedure for notification of dual citizenship includes the filing of the following papers:
- standard application form;
- residence permit in a foreign country (if any);
- identity card (RF);
- passport of a foreign citizen (when available);
- ground documents that confirm the human rights to a second citizenship (for example, a certificate of marriage).
If a person acts in the interests of minors, then the birth certificates of children are attached to this list. Nothing difficult or special. And the application is filled in on behalf of the legal representative of a minor or a legally incompetent person.
Many are wondering where to get a dual citizenship form. Usually it is downloaded directly from the Internet. This technique will greatly simplify life. After all, it will be possible to come to the bodies replacing the UMFS with a fully prepared list of documents. Or the application form is taken at the migration service / issued at the MFC. Then filling takes place directly at the request of a citizen.
Bans
On this, all manipulations cease. From the moment the application is accepted, it is believed that the person has notified the state of the availability of a second passport. Therefore, nothing more is required from the citizen.
But this is not all the information that is important for people with multiple passports. The treatment of the studied request, as already mentioned, is sent to the authorities, which have recently replaced the FMS. Dual citizenship must be registered if the applicant lives in Russia. But there are some prohibitions and conditions that allow you to avoid unnecessary alerts.
Among the most common cases, the following situations are distinguished:
- A citizen is temporarily in Russia. In this case, there is no need to talk about dual citizenship.
- A person lives on a permanent basis outside the Russian Federation. In this situation, there is also no need to report to Russia on the availability of a second passport. Will have to implement the idea after arriving in the Russian Federation for permanent or long stay, but not earlier.
- If a person decides to apply through mail or by proxy. Such situations are not welcome. The rules established in Russia require only personal treatment from the applicant. The exception is incapable. For them, a statement is written by legal representatives.
Perhaps this is all you need to know about registering as a citizen of several countries. In fact, no serious paperwork is required. Recently, more and more often citizens have begun to report on the availability of a second passport through State Services. Only 60 days are allotted for the implementation of the idea without consequences. This should always be remembered. Dual citizenship notification completed. Not so hard as it seems.