All sorts of fish delicacies in our time are simply very popular. At the same time, almost the most favorite are dishes prepared from trout. This "royal fish" is bred, including in Russia. Farms specializing in trout farming operate mainly in Karelia. It also boasts a trout farm, Adler. In addition, Russia has registered many enterprises involved in the processing and sale of such fish.
Breeding methods
There are two main methods that allow you to artificially grow commercial trout on an industrial scale:
Cage way. In this case, fish is bred directly in large natural bodies of water. At the same time, part of them is enclosed by a grid. In the resulting "cages" and fry of fish are released .
UZV. This is a more modern and effective method, requiring, however, a large initial investment. In this case, fish is bred in artificial reservoirs using integrated equipment.
Trout farms in Karelia
In this republic, both methods are used to breed "royal fish". Trout farms of Karelia are usually organized at fur farming and fishing agricultural enterprises. There are such hatcheries, for example, in Sortavala, Pitkäranta, Kemsky areas.
The cage breeding method for trout is used mainly by enterprises located on Onega and Ladoga lakes. Since 1996, trout farms of Karelia on the shores of the North Sea began to be organized. One of the largest at the moment is Trout OJSC.
Of course, there are enterprises involved in the processing of this fish. An example is CJSC Sortavala Fish Factory and OJSC Karelrybflot. Processing modules have been created in the farms themselves engaged in trout farming.
Sochi farm
The oldest trout farm is located in Adler. Once in the rivers of the Black Sea coast a lot of this fish was found. However, after these places were adapted for the all-Russian resort, trout began to be hatched due to pollution and grinding of water bodies. Therefore, the Soviet government decided to organize an enterprise in these regions specializing in the cultivation of this fish.
The main goal of the construction of the complex was to preserve the trout population and provide vacationers with delicious dishes from it. A fish growing factory was built in 1964. Today it is perhaps the largest trout farm in the country. Sochi can rightfully be proud of it. In this city, excursions to ponds are sold, including especially for fishermen. Everyone has the opportunity to catch a big fish in the Sochi farm. This, in turn, becomes an additional source of income for the enterprise.
Tours
Residents of Russia and other countries who come to rest in Sochi have the opportunity to visit a trout farm and see with their own eyes how the “tsarist fish” is raised.
The farm is located just a few kilometers from Adler Airport. Trout is not grown here in cages, but in artificial ponds. The length of the ponds is 100 m, the width is 10 m, the depth is 1.5 m. In total, 111 such ponds are equipped in the farm.
Fish breeds
Both rainbow trout, which is of great economic value , is bred in Karelia and Sochi. Adler trout farm, among other things, is working to obtain new species of this fish. For example, only here you can see a special golden trout, called by the specialists of the company "amber". Such fish are found only in some reservoirs of America.
Blue trout and another special species that spawns twice a year is also something the trout farm can be proud of. Adler offers its tourists a look at these unusual fish species. The latter, unfortunately, appeared spontaneously. However, breeders working at the enterprise are trying to breed artificially stable breed, spawning twice a year. And there are all prerequisites for the fact that sooner or later they will succeed.
Organization Features
Despite the fact that modern equipment is on sale today that allows organizing complexes for breeding this fish almost at home, Russian entrepreneurs treat the trout business with a certain degree of caution. It's all about the high risks of organizing such an enterprise.
The technology of growing trout is quite complicated. After all, landing fish in ponds for profit should be quite dense. If certain feeding methods, aeration, etc. are not followed. the fish can just get sick. And this, in turn, will lead to an attack and large losses.
The second limiting factor is the need for large investments in the early stages of doing business. The equipment intended for trout breeding is quite expensive. But this fish reaches marketable weight for a very long time. By the third year of life, she weighs about 500 g. At about the same time, she begins to spawn.
Nevertheless, trout farming is considered quite a profitable business. The annual income of such an enterprise (per 10 tons of fish) can be about 3 million rubles. Therefore, farms of this specialization in Russia are still quite actively created and developed. As an example, we can cite the same Karelia, where most of these enterprises are private.
There are similar companies in other regions of the country. For example, a fish farm operates even in Moscow - in Khimki. This is a rather popular trout farm “Skhodnya”, well known to residents of the capital, growing and selling also sterlet and carp.