Not everyone knows what patronage is and what types of it are. Patronage is one of the forms of medical and preventive examination and assistance in order to improve sanitary hygienic and domestic norms and rules.
Prenatal
The prenatal home care for pregnant women is carried out by the district midwife twice. The first time - when registering for pregnancy, preferably up to 12 weeks, and the second time, immediately before childbirth, usually at the 32nd week.
The purpose of such a patronage is to identify all adverse factors that could adversely affect the development of the fetus and the health of the pregnant woman.
A medical worker with antenatal care pays attention to such moments as:
- age of future parents;
- living conditions;
- material well-being;
- whether a pregnancy was planned;
- relationships between family members;
- the presence of diseases;
- bad habits of the pregnant woman and her husband.
At risk include women:
- under the age of 18;
- underweight or overweight;
- with multiple pregnancy;
- with the threat of miscarriage;
- having had more than five pregnancies.
With repeated patronage, the nurse evaluates the implementation of recommendations to reduce risk factors and the degree of preparation for the birth of a child (the presence of a dowry and knowledge in the field of newborn care). The obstetrician’s task is also to inform the pregnant woman and her family members about the need for proper nutrition, cleanliness of the housing and visiting the doctor at the specified time. In addition, the obstetrician will help answer all the questions of the expectant mother.
Patronage of the pregnant
What is the patronage of a pregnant woman, and what are its functions? This type of examination provides constant monitoring of the pregnant woman and monitoring her condition. Also patronage performs a number of other functions:
- monitoring the implementation of doctor's prescriptions;
- control over the use of benefits provided to pregnant women;
- assistance in solving social and legal problems;
- assistance with questions regarding the course of pregnancy, childbirth, the period after childbirth;
- consultation on the nutrition of a pregnant woman, personal hygiene and caring for a born child;
- the provision of psychological support during the first pregnancy.
Who carries out patronage during pregnancy?
What is the patronage of a pregnant woman is already clear. But who is doing it? It is performed by nurses or midwives of the antenatal clinic. A medical professional with an appropriate level of education is able to provide assistance and support to a pregnant woman in all aspects. The process is controlled by a doctor from a antenatal clinic. Data on the condition of the pregnant woman is entered in the so-called patronage sheet, this document is regularly checked by the doctor. Conducting the patronage of pregnant women avoids problems such as:
- premature birth;
- birth of children with pathologies;
- reduction in the number of possible diseases in a born child.
When planning pregnancy, a woman should take responsibility for issues of timely registration with a antenatal clinic, as well as apply for this examination.
Medical type of patronage
Examination at the patient’s home, a number of health-improving measures aimed at preventing diseases, monitoring hygiene at home, monitoring the current state of the ward - this form of work is called medical patronage.
The tasks of this type of patronage:
- care for pregnant women;
- supervision and care of children;
- caring for elderly people;
- monitoring of persons with mental illness.
- treatment of patients with tuberculosis and other diseases.
Activities in the process of patronage are carried out by the doctor or nurse of the health care institution to which the patient is assigned.
Pregnant women are observed by an obstetrician - gynecologist, nurse of a antenatal clinic. The purpose of such care is the health of the pregnant woman and a safe birth. After childbirth, observation continues for the mother and child. In children's hospitals, patronage is for children under three years of age, for children with poor health without age restrictions. The Red Cross and Red Crescent organizations pay great attention to the patronage of lonely patients, the elderly, and the disabled. This activity, in addition to medical, has a large social component.
Patronage Functions
The functions of the patronage service are to help:
- pregnant
- babies;
- children
- To old people;
- disabled people;
- persons with mental disorders;
- assistance in resolving a difficult life situation (family alcoholism and assault).
Patronage scheme
During the initial examination of the child, the nurse is guided by the observance of the following inspection rules:
- The study of primary documentation (extract from the maternity hospital).
- Analysis of the course of pregnancy and childbirth.
- Assessment of the general condition of the baby.
- Diagnosis of reflexes.
- Familiarization with the rules of care and feeding.
Studying the type and method of feeding
Patronage of children is carried out within the time periods indicated below in the article:
- After discharge from the hospital - 1 time for three days.
- The first week after birth - twice a week.
- Six months - once a month 1-2 years - once every three months 3 years - once every six months.
What is the patronage of newborns, and what are its goals?
- Prevention of the development of postpartum complications in a child.
- Analysis of domestic and social conditions.
- Assisting a young mother in compliance with hygiene standards and rules for caring for her baby.
- Familiarization with the rules for applying the baby to the chest and the method of artificial feeding.
- Examination of the condition of the child after discharge from the maternity hospital.
- Caring for bed patients, carrying out the necessary medical and hygiene procedures.
- Familiarization of parents with the methods of education and training of children with disabilities.
- Compliance with the main recommendations for treatment, monitoring the intake of necessary medications, assistance with eating, analysis of the mental state.
- Patronage is necessarily carried out by a qualified medical professional.