In order to understand what tasks the labor protection pursues, it is necessary to find out the essence of this concept. The employer is not simply obligated to provide his employee with a workplace. It should be convenient and safe for humans. The tasks of the labor protection service in production are carried out by special engineers. In large organizations, entire departments can be created to deal with this issue. Thus, labor protection is a set of actions by the management of an economic entity, which are aimed at ensuring the safety of employees, reducing the harmful effects of production factors.
Consider the goals and objectives of labor protection in more detail.
Methods
This system at the enterprise consists of many different, but equally important elements, which include:
- The use of various means and the organization of processes that are aimed at reducing the harmful effects on workers (safety measures).
- A medical approach to assess the impact of the environment, methods of work on human health, the main task of which is the prevention of probable negative trends.
- A set of technical, hygienic and sanitary means that can prevent the harmful effects of industrial causes (industrial sanitation).
- Organization and provision of possible technical means of protection against electric shock (electrical safety).
- A set of measures for the prevention of fires, methods for organizing their extinguishing when they occur (fire safety). The state organization that provides protection against fires is the Russian Emergencies Ministry.
- Ensuring processes for the prevention, implementation of norms and rules of labor protection (management). In this category, you can add the risk management of dangerous situations, injuries and deaths.
Workplace
The list of tasks of the authorized person for labor protection is quite extensive. In this discipline, it is important to understand such concepts as a workplace, a work area, which allows you to more accurately determine the principles and measures for organizing a safe space for an employee. The complex of factors that affect him during the labor process is called “working conditions”. These include elements for its protection, aesthetic, social, psychophysiological and psychological elements.
Occupational Safety Tasks
The main goal of labor protection systems at all economic facilities is to create the most favorable conditions that will contribute to the safety, working capacity of workers, and the preservation of their health in the process of fulfilling certain professional duties.
The system consists of some subsystems, which include various elements of the formation of a positive work environment. The purpose of labor protection can also be divided into subgoals. The category of intermediate goals facing such a system includes:
- elimination of the risk of dangerous situations, accidents, injuries;
- preventive work to reduce the level of occupational morbidity, which are aimed at reducing the loss of working time;
- timely elimination of accidents and other negative and dangerous incidents that occurred at the plant;
- reduction of losses due to non-compliance with safety regulations;
- adjustment of financial flows;
- prevention of violations of safety standards;
- increase the general level of awareness of employees in this area;
- constant striving for the most effective use of labor protection elements;
- creating optimal conditions for improving the technological process and the use of technical means.
To successfully achieve these goals, it is necessary to constantly solve certain tasks of labor protection. It is also necessary to monitor the implementation of the requirements and safety regulations by all employees of the enterprise. If an employee is hired to carry out activities that require certain skills and professionalism, it is very important to hire an employee of the appropriate qualifications in order to prevent emergency situations and accidents.
Security Tools
Another tasks of labor protection are ensuring the safety of technical equipment, as well as providing employees with special clothing and all the necessary equipment. This also includes providing people with compensation payments, vouchers for spa treatment, material assistance, and the provision of medical preventive services.
Depending on the characteristics of the business entity, the goals and objectives of labor protection may vary. Moreover, they are implemented through measures described directly in the very concept of the system.
Labor protection: functions
We considered the tasks. Let's talk about the main functions. In Russia, the decree of the Ministry of Labor regulates the main functions that must be performed by the relevant services or employees who are involved in the implementation of labor protection at the production facility.
The list of the main functions of departments and responsible persons includes:
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- Accounting and analytical work on fixing cases of injuries, occupational and industrial diseases, as well as accidents.
- Regular examinations together with the elected committee and the preparation of analytical reports on the state of fixed assets, real estate, as well as a variety of specialized sanitary facilities and protective equipment and their hygiene equipment. This applies primarily to ventilation systems.
- Coordination of departments and production units to determine the parameters and assess the safety of the used inventory, equipment and machines.
- Ensuring the participation of workers of the labor protection service in the processes of acceptance for operation of construction objects, as well as modernized and reconstructed objects.
- Mandatory coordination of various technological and technical innovations in production.
- Implementation of the organization of medical examinations for groups of employees whose labor activity requires it.
- Direct participation in the creation and drafting of individual paragraphs of the collective agreement.
- Investigation of accidents and deaths, as well as the development of measures and methods to prevent their recurrence.
- Drawing up special educational materials, conducting briefings, studies.
- Compilation of a list of workers who need to be constantly trained in safety regulations.
- Regular monitoring of the implementation of labor protection measures.
- Organization of information work with employees on the latest changes in legislation in the field of labor protection. Bringing the information received to employees.
The fulfillment of all tasks of labor protection at the enterprise is important.
Principles for ensuring labor protection
The basic principle of implementing labor protection is systematic prevention, prevention, and the adoption of various measures to prevent any manifestations of danger in the workplace. This is the basic principle of ensuring true security. The second, but no less important principle is constant readiness to eliminate the danger and minimize its negative consequences. This principle stems from the impossibility of implementing absolute security, it is often forgotten, and although it is considered an additional principle to the first, its significance is no less high.
Organization of preventive measures
The first step in practice, which must be taken on the basis of the requirements of the main tasks of the labor protection service and principles, is the organization of preventive measures, the prevention of occupational morbidity and industrial injuries. For this, all methods, labor safety measures, all means of various types of safety measures, structural, radiation, industrial, electrical, transport and other types of safety are used. In order to implement normal working conditions, all the achievements of occupational medicine, industrial sanitation, and occupational hygiene are used.
Since the organization of preventive measures requires the absolute implementation of all such measures, due to the human factor, in organizing the provision of healthy and safe working conditions, preventing occupational diseases and occupational injuries, labor protection widely applies the practice of social partnership of labor protection workers and the employer, which is the most effective.
Training
It should be noted that this practice also includes training employees and enhancing their internal motivation for safety. Thus, the provision of this safety, the sanitary-technical implementation of occupational health, personnel management and the social partnership of the employer and workers in the organizational sphere of ensuring all of the above are the most important measures for the prevention of occupational morbidity and industrial injuries.
Prevention of negative events
Through this, labor protection fully implements the principle of prevention of negative events. To implement the second main principle - minimizing the consequences of negative events - the provision includes a set of measures for the social protection of employees who carry out their professional activities in adverse conditions or who have been injured in the workplace as a result of the manifestations of industrial danger that could not be avoided with the help of a set of preventive measures.
Rights guarantees
What else do tasks of organizing labor protection suggest? The state guarantees all working people the protection of their right to work in conditions that comply with labor protection standards. The conditions provided for in the employment contract must comply with the principles of labor protection. For the period of suspension of work due to administrative suspension of activity or a temporary ban on it in accordance with the law, due to a violation of regulatory standards, it is not through the fault of the employee that he retains his workplace and average wage. For this period, the employee can be transferred (with his consent) to another job with the corresponding remuneration.
Other job
In case of refusal of the employee, the employer must provide him with another job at the time of elimination of the danger. If an employee is not provided with collective and individual protective equipment, the manager does not have the right to demand that he fulfill his duties and must pay for the downtime that arose for this reason. Refusal of an employee to work in case of danger to his health and life due to violation of labor protection standards does not entail bringing him to justice.
We examined the main tasks of labor protection.