The combustion temperature of coal is considered the main criterion that allows you to avoid mistakes when choosing fuel. The productivity of the boiler and its high-quality work directly depend on this quantity.
Temperature determination option
In winter, the issue of heating residential premises is especially relevant. In connection with the systematic increase in the cost of coolants, people have to look for alternative options for generating thermal energy.
The best way to solve this problem will be the selection of solid fuel boilers that have optimal production characteristics, perfectly retain heat.
The specific calorific value of coal is a physical quantity that shows how much heat can be released when a kilogram of fuel is completely burned. In order for the boiler to work for a long time, it is important to choose the right fuel for it. The specific heat of combustion of coal is high (22 MJ / kg), so this type of fuel is considered optimal for the efficient operation of the boiler.
Wood characteristics and properties
Currently, there is a tendency to switch from installations based on the gas combustion process to solid fuel heating household systems.
Not everyone knows that creating a comfortable microclimate in a house directly depends on the quality of the selected fuel. As a traditional material used in such heating boilers, we highlight wood.
In severe climatic conditions, characterized by long and cold winters, it is quite difficult to heat the house with wood throughout the heating season. With a sharp drop in air temperature, the owner of the boiler is forced to use it on the verge of maximum capabilities.
When choosing wood as a solid fuel, serious problems and inconveniences arise. First of all, we note that the combustion temperature of coal is much higher than that of wood. Among the shortcomings is the high rate of combustion of firewood, which creates serious difficulties in the operation of a heating boiler. Its owner is forced to constantly monitor the presence of firewood in the furnace; a sufficiently large number of them will be required for the heating season.
Coal options
The combustion temperature of charcoal is much higher, so this fuel option is an excellent alternative to ordinary wood. We also note an excellent indicator of heat transfer, the duration of the combustion process, and low fuel consumption. There are several types of coal associated with the specifics of mining, as well as the depth in the earth's interior: stone, brown, anthracite.
Each of these options has its own distinctive qualities and characteristics that allow its use in solid fuel boilers. The combustion temperature of coal in the furnace will be minimal when using brown, since its composition contains a fairly large number of various impurities. As for heat transfer indicators, their value is similar to wood. The chemical reaction of combustion is exothermic, the calorific value of coal is high.
In coal, the ignition temperature reaches 400 degrees. Moreover, the calorific value of coal of this type is quite high, therefore this type of fuel is widely used for heating residential premises.
Maximum efficiency in anthracite. Among the disadvantages of such fuel, we highlight its high cost. The combustion temperature of coal of this type reaches 2250 degrees. None of the solid fuels extracted from the earth’s bowels have such an indicator.
Features of a coal-fired furnace
A similar device has design features, involves the reaction of coal pyrolysis. Charcoal is not a mineral, it has become a product of human activity.
The combustion temperature of coal is 900 degrees, which is accompanied by the release of a sufficient amount of thermal energy. What is the technology for creating such an amazing product? The bottom line is a certain processing of wood, due to which there is a significant change in its structure, the release of excess moisture from it. A similar process is carried out in special furnaces. The principle of operation of such devices is based on the pyrolysis process. A charcoal furnace consists of four basic components:
- combustion chambers;
- fortified base;
- chimney;
- recycling compartment.
Chemical process
After getting into the chamber, the wood gradually smolders. This process occurs due to the presence in the furnace of a sufficient amount of gaseous oxygen that supports combustion. As smoldering, a sufficient amount of heat is released, the excess liquid is converted into steam.
Smoke generated during the reaction goes to the secondary compartment, where it completely burns out, and heat is released. A charcoal furnace performs several important functional tasks. With its help, charcoal is formed, and a comfortable temperature is maintained in the room.
But the process of obtaining such fuel is quite delicate, and with the slightest delay, the complete combustion of firewood is possible. It is necessary at a certain time to remove charred workpieces from the furnace.
Charcoal application
Subject to the technological chain, excellent material is obtained, which can be used for the full heating of residential premises during the winter heating season. Of course, the combustion temperature of coal will be higher, but not in all regions such fuel is affordable.
Charcoal burning begins at a temperature of 1250 degrees. For example, a melting furnace runs on charcoal. The flame that forms when air is fed into the furnace melts the metal with ease.
Creating optimal combustion conditions
Due to the high temperature, all internal elements of the furnace are made of special refractory bricks. Refractory clay is used for their installation. When creating special conditions, it is quite possible to obtain a temperature in the furnace in excess of 2000 degrees. Each type of coal has its own flash point. Once this indicator is achieved, it is important to maintain the ignition temperature by continuously supplying excess oxygen to the furnace.
Among the disadvantages of this process, we highlight the loss of heat, because part of the energy released will go through the pipe. This leads to a decrease in the temperature of the furnace. In the course of experimental studies, scientists were able to establish the optimal excess oxygen volume for various types of fuel. Thanks to the choice of excess air, you can count on the complete combustion of fuel. As a result, one can count on minimal losses of thermal energy.
Conclusion
The comparative value of fuel is estimated by its calorific value, measured in calories. Given the characteristics of its various types, we can conclude that coal is the optimal type of solid fuel for boilers. Many owners of their own heating systems try to use mixed fuel boilers: solid, liquid, gaseous.