In the human body there are several regulatory systems that ensure the normal functioning of the body. These systems, in particular, include the glands of internal and external secretion.
Breaking the balance in the body is easy enough. Experts recommend avoiding factors that provoke an imbalance.
Glands of external secretion (exocrine) carry out the release of various substances in the internal environment of the body and on the surface of the body. They form an individual and species smell. In addition, glands of external secretion provide protection against the penetration of harmful microorganisms into the body. Their discharge (secret) has a mycostatic and bactericidal effect.
Glands of external secretion (salivary, lacrimal, lacrimal, sweat, mammary, genital) are involved in the regulation of intraspecific and interspecific relationships. This is mainly due to the fact that their discharge is endowed with the function of metabolic or informational influence on surrounding external organisms.
In the mouth are small and large salivary glands of external secretion. Their ducts open into the oral cavity. Small glands are located in the submucosa or in the thickness of the mucus. In accordance with the location, lingual, palatine, molar, labial are distinguished. Depending on the nature of their discharge, they are divided into mucous, serous and mixed. Not far from them is the thyroid gland of internal secretion. It accumulates and secretes iodine-containing hormones.
The large salivary glands are the paired organs that are located outside the oral cavity. These include sublingual, submandibular and parotid.
A mixture of excreted salivary glands is called saliva. Secretory processes occur during the period of hormonal changes in the body (at twelve to fourteen years) most intensively.
The mammary glands are (by origin) modified sweat glands of the skin and are laid at the sixth-seventh week. At first they look like two seals of the epidermis. Subsequently, "milk dots" begin to form from them.
Before the onset of puberty, the mammary glands of girls are at rest. Branching proliferates in both sexes. With the onset of maturity, sharp changes in the rate of development of the mammary glands begin. In boys, the rate of their development slows down, and then completely stops. In girls, development is accelerating. By the beginning of the first menstruation, end sections are formed. However, it should be noted that the mammary gland in women continues to develop until pregnancy. Its final formation occurs during lactation.
The most massive human digestive gland is the liver. Her weight (in an adult) is from one to one and a half kilograms. In addition to the fact that the liver is involved in carbohydrate, vitamin, protein and fat metabolism, it performs protective, bile-forming and other functions. With intrauterine development, this organ is also hematopoietic.
The sweat glands of the skin produce sweat. They participate in the process of thermoregulation, form an individual smell. These glands are simple tubes with folded end parts. Each sweat gland has an end part (body), a sweat duct. The latter opens outward at times.
Sweat glands have differences in functional significance and morphological characteristics, as well as in development. They are located in the subcutaneous tissue (connective). On average, a person has about two to three and a half million sweat glands. Their morphological development is completed by about seven years.
Sebaceous glands reach their peak in puberty. Almost all of them are associated with hair. In areas where hair is absent, the sebaceous glands lie on their own. Their detachable - fat - serves as a lubricant for hair and skin. On average, about twenty grams of fat is secreted per day.