The connection of certain real estate to electric networks is carried out in the framework of technological connection agreements. Their conclusion is regulated at the level of federal legal acts. What are the key provisions of these sources of law? What are the nuances of connecting objects belonging to individuals and legal entities to electric networks?
Process Connection: Regulatory
The way in which technological connections to electric networks should be carried out is regulated by a separate legal act - Decree of the Government of Russia No. 861, adopted on December 27, 2004. This regulatory source has established a number of rules:
- on non-discriminatory access of individuals to electricity transmission services, dispatch control, as well as trade infrastructure provided by the administrator in the framework of the wholesale market;
- on the technological connection of energy reception devices belonging to consumers and other facilities.
In general, the totality of these norms forms the rules for technological connection. Consider the features of this procedure in more detail.
In what cases is the technological connection carried out?
Technological connections to electric networks can be carried out if:
- devices for receiving electricity are put into operation for the first time;
- the capacity of previously connected infrastructure of the corresponding type is increasing;
- data on categories of reliability of supply of devices, connection points, types of economic activities of consumers of electricity were changed, as a result of which corrections were made in the scheme of external supply of devices for receiving electricity.
Technological connection - a procedure that is carried out on the basis of an agreement between a supplier - a network company, and an applicant in the status of an individual, individual entrepreneur or organization. Technological connections to electric networks are carried out in several stages. Consider them.
Process Connection Stages
The technological rules for connecting to electric networks imply the implementation of this procedure as part of such stages as:
- filing an application for accession;
- signing a contract with a supplier;
- fulfillment of contractual obligations;
- obtaining permission to admit facilities into operation;
- actual connection and voltage supply;
- drawing up an act of accession and related documents.
We study the specifics of the marked stages in more detail.
Joining steps: filing an application
So, first of all, for the purpose of technological connection, this or that subject of legal relations submits an application to a supplier - a network company, which is located at the closest distance to the applicantās territory. If necessary, the supplierās contact details can be provided by the municipal authority.
An application for technological connection to electric networks is sent by the customer in person or through an authorized person. You can also send the corresponding document to the network company by letter. In some cases, suppliers are asked to agree in advance on how to apply by telephone. But in any case, it is recommended to contact the network company in advance and find out which method of document transfer will be optimal.
Contract signing
After the application for technological connection to electric networks is processed by the supplier, the relevant organization draws up and sends the customer a draft contract, as well as technical specifications as an appendix to it. The network company should prepare and send the contract to the customer in the general case within 30 days from the receipt of the application.
If the partner is not satisfied with the terms of the contract, then he has the right to send to the address of the supplier a reasoned refusal to conclude the contract, as well as proposals for its adjustment. If, within 60 days from the receipt of the draft contract, the customer does not confirm his consent to conclude it or does not express a desire to amend it, the application for accession is canceled. But as soon as the copy signed by the customer is received by the network company, the contract between it and the consumer is considered concluded.
Fulfillment of the terms of the contract
Technological connection to electric networks is a legal relationship in which the emergence of the rights and obligations of the parties is assumed. Their list is prescribed in the contract, which is executed and concluded by the electricity supplier and the consumer at the previous stage. After the contract is signed, the parties must implement the activities provided for by it. Their list can be presented in a fairly wide range - but basically these measures are aimed at preparing the necessary infrastructure for launching facilities into operation.
Authorization from authorities
Technological connections to electric networks can be made only if the admission of these or those objects to operation is authorized by the competent federal authority that carries out technological supervision. It should be noted that in the Rules of Accession, approved by law, cases may be prescribed in which obtaining the appropriate permission is not required for certain categories of applicants.
Actual connection and supply of electricity
After permission for technological connection is obtained, actual connection of customer facilities to electric networks can be carried out. As part of this procedure, various technical measures may be carried out related to the adjustment of the applicant's infrastructure and the supply of electricity to it. After the necessary network parameters are checked and their activation is allowed, electricity is supplied.
Drawing up an instrument of accession
The final stage of the technological connection procedure is the signing of an act on its implementation. In addition, the preparation of this document may be accompanied by the formation of a number of other sources. In particular, such as the act on delineation of the balance sheet, on operational responsibility, coordination of technological or emergency reservation.
Let us consider in more detail what specific measures are implemented as part of a procedure such as technological connection to electric networks. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 861 also governs their list.
Joining Events
Relevant activities include:
- preparation of technical conditions;
- development of design documentation;
- fulfillment of technical conditions;
- inspection of devices for receiving electricity;
- the actual connection and activation of the switching infrastructure.
Consider the specifics of these events in more detail.
Technological connection measures: preparation of technical conditions
The rules for connecting to electric networks prescribe this activity of the network organization. In addition, this company must also agree on technical specifications with the system operator - the person who performs operational dispatch functions in electric power systems, as well as with related organizations that provide electricity supply services, in cases established by law.
Development of design documentation
The development of the relevant documentation is carried out by both the network company and the customer of the connection. In this case, the first subject of legal relations must follow the obligations that are prescribed in the technical conditions. The customer carries out the development of this documentation, in particular if a technological connection is made to the electrical networks of the land. In this case, it needs to reflect the borders of the corresponding territory. Note that in some legal relationships, the development of design documentation by the customer is not carried out.
Fulfillment of technical specifications
The next event to be carried out as part of the technological connection procedure is the fulfillment of the approved technical conditions. In this case, the tasks are assigned, again, both to the network company and to its customer. The first subject of legal relations, in particular, is responsible for connecting devices for receiving electricity to the infrastructure that provides emergency operation of automation.
The event under consideration also involves a network company verifying that the customer has completed the technical conditions. The results of this procedure, the technological rules for connecting to electric networks are prescribed to be recorded in separate acts. This check is not carried out if:
- the maximum power of devices for receiving electricity belonging to the applicants does not exceed 150 kW as part of a temporary connection;
- the applicant is a natural person, and his equipment has a capacity not exceeding 15 kW.
Device inspection
This event, in turn, should be conducted by a representative of the competent federal authority, which is responsible for conducting state supervision in the field of electricity supplies. In addition, the grid company and the owner of the devices for receiving electricity can also participate in the survey. In some cases, the representative of the organization performing operational dispatching functions is connected to the event in question.
Actual affiliate
This event actually corresponds to one of the stages considered by us above, which establish the rules for technological connection to electric networks. So, it is supposed to connect the customerās facilities to the power grid, after which it will activate the switching infrastructure. Similarly, as soon as the corresponding event is completed, acts are signed: on accession, delimitation of balance, operational responsibility, approval of reservation.
The most important aspect of legal relations, in the framework of which the technological connection of objects to the electric grid is carried out is payment for the services of electricity suppliers. Let's consider it in more detail.
Payment for electricity providers
Payment for technological connection to electric networks - IDGC or another supplier - is carried out in accordance with tariffs approved by the relevant organization, rates per unit of capacity, as well as payment formulas. In addition, the customer may need to pay expenses that, from the point of view of the law, are not included in the connection fee. Lists of these costs are usually recorded in separate legal acts adopted by authorities of the Russian regions.
It can be noted that in many cases, customers of network companies are budget organizations. In this case, they need to correctly reflect in the balance sheet the costs of technological connection to electric networks. KOSGU - Classification of operations of the general government sector, instructs budgetary institutions to fix these costs in the framework of Section 226.
Certain nuances are characterized by the connection to the networks of private residential buildings. Let's consider them in more detail.
Connection to electricity networks of private houses
The rules for connecting to the electric networks of a private house as a whole are based on the same rules of law that govern the corresponding procedure, to which legal entities are participants. The algorithm for solving the problem of connecting an individual to the houseās power grid involves the following main actions:
- appeals to the network company - closest to the land plot,
- submission to the appropriate organization of an application, an arrangement plan for devices for receiving electricity,
- copies of documents proving ownership of the private house and land,
- receipt and implementation of technical specifications - independently within the site, with the assistance of the network company - outside it,
- organization of inspection of equipment of network companies and its actual connection.
In general, the actions of the owner of the house are obviously similar to those that characterize the tasks of the organization-customer of the services of the network company, which we examined above in the context of technological connection activities. In this sense, the legislator's approaches to regulating this procedure are characterized by uniformity.
At the same time, it is quite possible that one or another rule of connecting electrical installations to electric networks, formulated in a certain way in the legislation, in practice can be interpreted differently in the context of solving problems characterizing the connection of corporate and private facilities. Therefore, in order to conduct the process of technological connection in full accordance with the requirements of the legislation, it is advisable for the owner of the house to seek the advice of competent specialists.
The cost of services for connecting to electrical networks of residential buildings is usually based on calculations based on the tariff for 15 kW of connected power. The distance of the apartment building to the nearest network infrastructure object also matters . If it exceeds the statutory rates, then technological connections to electric networks are carried out on the basis of a tariff determined by orders of regional authorities. For example, the tariff service or the energy commission.
The terms for connecting residential buildings to power grids should not exceed 6 months if the supplierās energy infrastructure is located at a distance of up to 300 meters from the customerās property in the city, or within 500 meters in the countryside. This period is extended to 1 year if the distance exceeds the specified values.
Upon completion of the connection of the house to the power grid, as well as in the case of legal relations involving legal entities, acts are signed on technological connection, delimitation of the balance and operational responsibility of the customer and the supplier.