Many parents try to send their children to gymnasiums and lyceums, believing that the auxiliary school is only suitable for “idiots”. But what about those moms and dads in whose family a special child appeared? By the age of seven, serious problems appear, so a boarding school for some becomes the only way to resolve this situation.
The legislative framework
In the Russian Federation, according to the "Law on Education", every citizen of the country is guaranteed the right to receive quality education. The choice of educational institution in which the child will receive ZUN can be done by parents.
The Federal Law “On Education” also applies to special children. An auxiliary school is an educational institution that is designed for special children. When choosing a program, the physical condition of the child is taken into account, the recommendations of the doctor are taken into account. With successful completion of the initial stage in the correctional school, parents can write the baby in a regular OS.
Varieties
The auxiliary school in the Russian Federation has a certain classification. Consider the types of educational institutions:
- 1st type (intended for deaf children);
- 2nd type (for late deaf and hard of hearing babies);
- 3rd type (for children with minimal vision and blind schoolchildren);
- 4th type (for the late blind and with low vision);
- 5th type (for students with complex speech disorders);
- 6th type (for babies with disorders of the musculoskeletal system);
- 7th type (with mental retardation);
- 8th type (for mentally retarded children).
Home-based schools are created for children with serious somatic illnesses. The sanatorium-type boarding school is intended for weakened children, as well as for children with a variety of neuropsychiatric diseases.
Difficulty of choice
It would seem that theoretically everything is clear and understandable. Why are mothers and fathers horrified if doctors and educators offer their child an auxiliary school? Some are ready to hire tutors from the age of five, just to be in an "ordinary" educational institution. Not all parents are ready to accept the fact that they have a special child. Nobody wants to see their son or daughter among the "lagging behind," because the "weak" children have no access to prestigious schools. This prospect scares many.
Basically, the school for lagging children operates in the form of a boarding school. The kid lives there for five days, and on the weekend his parents should take him home. Due to serious mental health problems, some of these children are dangerous to society, and therefore they can not be left alone for a minute. The problem lies in the fact that in Russia there are few specialists who can and want to work with “problem” students.
How to proceed
Some parents agree to send the baby to the correctional class. The program of the auxiliary school is much simpler than in ordinary OS, so the sick child will be more comfortable. A child with health problems will not be able to independently solve the difficulties that will appear in him in the process of assimilation of theoretical and practical skills. The auxiliary school helps to cope with such issues, as narrow specialists work in it - a defectologist, psychologist, and oligophrenopedagogue.
If parents insist, they send the baby to a regular school because of the ridicule of classmates, he may have a feeling of inferiority. Unfortunately, child cruelty and rejection of “special” children are the main causes of suicide. In order not to lose their child, mothers and fathers should take seriously and responsibly the words of a psychologist, a doctor.
Sequencing
Suppose that parents decided to go through a commission to understand how their baby is ready to study in a regular school. What is the difference between an auxiliary school? The 1st department involves a detailed diagnosis by a psychologist of the intelligence features of a future first-grader. Based on its results, the psychologist concludes that it is possible for the child to master the general educational program offered as part of the second-generation FSES in Russian schools.
Next is the speech pathologist diagnosis of speech development. Phonemic hearing, pronunciation of sounds is checked. Based on the results of both tests, a psychiatrist is consulted. In parallel with the medical examination, the kindergarten teacher makes a pedagogical description for the child.
At the commission, a group of specialists (child psychologist, psychiatrist, speech therapist) give parents recommendations, offer (if necessary) training in special correctional educational institutions. Representatives of the child have the right to agree (disagree) with advice.
According to Russian law, without the desire of parents, a child cannot be enrolled in a specialized class.
Features of training in special OS
For each subject, a special thematic planning is created. The auxiliary school works according to speech correction and development programs (5th form):
- in the 1st-2nd grade, lessons in correct pronunciation are held;
- in classes from 7 to 12 people;
- lessons are held in the morning, the second part is devoted to psychological and speech therapy classes;
- there are no foreign language lessons, as it is difficult for special children to simultaneously master programs in two languages;
- The integrated course "The World and Speech Development" is conducted;
- training is carried out on an individual approach to each child.
Within the framework of a comprehensive school, special correctional classes are often created in which children with normal intellectual development, but problems with speech, study. After successfully completing the primary school program, these kids are sent to regular classes.
Training on the correction program of the 7th type
A special child is enrolled in it, enrolled in the 1st grade. The secondary school pays special attention to further education. In addition to lessons, pupils of such educational institutions are offered circles and sections of sports, music, and art.
The variability in learning is also characteristic. In particular, on some key topics, the teacher spends more hours to consolidate the practical skills of children. There is a specific standard developed for specialty schools of each type. Graduates of such educational institutions must meet all the requirements specified in the Federal State Educational Standard.
Special school for children with various difficulties
Children who have problems with intellectual and physical development are enrolled in such educational institutions. At the request of the parents, the child cannot be in a correctional boarding school unless a special medical and psychological commission has been conducted.
Only with the observance of the algorithm, which involves preliminary diagnostic studies of the baby by a psychologist, psychiatrist, speech therapist, making a recommendation on sending the child to a specialized educational institution, moms and dads can write a statement about the admission of their baby to a special school.
In the event that all the problems that were identified earlier by specialists are eliminated, the medical and psychological commission re-convenes. If she makes a positive decision, parents can transfer the student to a regular educational institution.
Practice shows that such situations are quite common. That is why the psychologist explains to parents that teaching a child in a correctional school (at the initial stage) is not a sentence at all. It will be comfortable for a special child to be in a special school, he will be able to catch up with peers in mental development, and in some cases even get ahead of them. If specialists recommend a specific program to a child, it is necessary to follow the advice of specialists in order to help the child cope with speech difficulties and communication problems with his peers in a timely manner.