Bishkek is the capital of Kyrgyzstan. It is considered the largest center in the republic. Various spheres are developed here: industry, transport, culture. Bishkek is a city of republican subordination. Located in the center of the Chuy Valley, in the north of the Kyrgyz Republic. The area of this administrative center is 127 square meters. km
A bit of history
The etymology of the name has two versions. According to one, the city is named after the hero of the legend - the hero Bishkek-Batyr. According to the second - the word "Bishkek" from the local dialect is translated as "club". The formation of a settlement in this area is due to the Great Silk Road. The fact is that its eastern branch passed precisely through this territory - through the Chuy valley. Over time, the campsites became permanent, the population increased and by the 12th century, the settlement Dzhul was formed on these lands. After the Silk Road ceased to function, the cities that existed thanks to him ceased their lives.
After some time, the Uzbek population takes root in this territory, forming the Kokand Khanate. Pishpek fortress was built within the borders of the modern city, on the ruins of which the city was founded already in 1825. In 1926, the Pishpek settlement was renamed Frunze. In Soviet times, the city began to actively develop in all respects of the USSR: industrial enterprises were being built, agriculture was gaining momentum, educational institutions, theaters, museums and other public buildings that proudly represented Kyrgyzstan were being built. The capital of the Kyrgyz SSR (the city of Frunze) received official status in 1936. After the collapse of the USSR, the name was changed to Bishkek.
Physico-geographical characteristics of the city
Bishkek is located at the foot of the Tien Shan. The terrain is hilly, the average height above sea level is 700-900 meters. The border between the temperate and subtropical climatic zones runs through the city. The region of sharply continental climate is represented throughout the territory of such a state as Kyrgyzstan. The capital, of course, is no exception. Here, the average January temperatures are -2 ° C ... -4 ° C, July + 23 ° C ... + 25 ° C. In the summer, humidity increases - up to 75%. The average annual rainfall is 400-500 mm. Two tributaries of the Chu stream flow through the city: the Ala-Archa and Alamedin rivers. Both originate on the peaks of the southern mountain range. Part of the largest irrigation canal of Kyrgyzstan, the Bolshoi Chuisky (BChK), passes through the northern district of the city.
Administrative division
Of course, if we consider all the cities that belong to the Republic of Kyrgyzstan, the capital is the largest. According to the administrative division, since the times of the USSR, Bishkek was divided into three regions: Leninsky, Sverdlovsky and Pervomaisky. Already in the 70s another district of the city was built - Oktyabrsky. The largest is Leninsky. It also includes settlements located near the city - town. Chon-Aryk and Ortho-Say aul. At the head of each district is akim. This is the name of the head of the state district administration.
The population of the capital of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan
The capital is a city with almost a million inhabitants. According to statistics for 2016, more than 944 thousand people live in it. If we count with the neighboring agglomeration, then this number increases to 1 million. Bishkek can be called an international city. Representatives of many nationalities live in it. By percentage, they are arranged as follows: most of all, about 66% are Kyrgyz, 23% of the population are Russians. The remaining 20% falls on such nationalities: Kazakhs, Tatars, Uzbeks, Koreans, Uyghurs, Ukrainians, etc. In total, there are about 80 of them. The main language of communication in the city is Russian. As for religious affiliation, several religions are also professed here. The local population, the Kyrgyz are Muslims of the Sunni direction. Russians profess Orthodox Christianity. Representatives of other religions are also present in a smaller percentage.
Bishkek Economy
The capital of Kyrgyzstan (see photo in the article) is rightly called the industrial center of the country. In Bishkek, enterprises of all sectors operate. The largest of them specialize in metalworking and mechanical engineering, light and food industries and energy. They are concentrated mainly in the eastern part of the city. Due to its close location to Kazakhstan and China, Bishkek is also considered a shopping center. This industry is one of the leading places. Why is that? And all because the capital of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan is an international trade hub between the above countries and Russia.
Bishkek is governed by the state administration - the city kenesh. All types of transport are developed here. There is a railway connection, the airport is located 20 km from the city. From public transport there are buses, trolleybuses, taxis. Also, plans for the coming years include the construction of a metro line or an electric train.
Ecology and attractions
Bishkek is considered the ecological capital of Russia. The city received this status due to its abundant landscaping. Numerous parks, squares, alleys, boulevards make its territory a green “oasis” of Kyrgyzstan. There are many sights preserved from the times of the Soviet Union. Among them are many buildings of this period - the Historical Museum, the Philharmonic and other historical monuments. After reviewing the information presented, each of you will be able to answer which capital of Kyrgyzstan, who lives in it and how this administrative center is developing.