Baku is the capital of Azerbaijan and the largest city of Transcaucasia. It is located on the Absheron Peninsula, on the shores of the Caspian Sea. Modern Baku is an important industrial, educational and cultural center of the country.
City appearance
The central part of Baku is located in the form of an amphitheater, which descends with ledges to the Baku bay. In the center, as well as along the major highways of the city, the buildings are dense, and on the outskirts - quite free. New buildings of the modern capital of Azerbaijan rise in the hills and stretch along the Gulf of Baku. The layout of the metropolis is rectangular and only in its old part of the street are winding and narrow.
The climate of the capital
The climate of Baku is temperate, with fairly hot summers and mild winters. Autumn is much warmer than spring. The average January temperature is +3 ° C, July - +26 ° C.
Historical past
Baku - the capital of Azerbaijan - is a very ancient city, which is located at the junction of Europe and Asia. The first mention of it is found in Arabic, Persian, Byzantine and European sources. Its history is primarily associated with oil production. For many centuries, caravans of camels loaded with "black gold" traveled from various directions from Baku. Throughout its existence, this richest city has been a tidbit for many nations. This region managed to be in the possession of Persia and Russia.
The capital of "black gold"
The unique capital of Baku is the largest gas and oil production center. The region has developed engineering, petrochemical and metalworking industries. Oil production is carried out mainly in the suburbs of the capital. Here are concentrated enterprises of engineering, building materials and railway transport. The development of the petrochemical industry has led to serious environmental problems. In 2007, this metropolis became the most polluted city in the world.
Cultural life
Baku is a capital with a cultural and scientific heritage. It was in this city in the East that the first library opened, the first opera was staged, and the first theater was founded. Today in the capital there are more than 20 higher educational institutions. Not only the local population, but foreign students are studying at Baku universities. Baku State University is considered the most popular university in the metropolis and the country as a whole. No less popular are Azerbaijan Medical University, State Oil Academy, Technical University and others.
Population
Baku is the multinational capital. Azerbaijanis, Armenians, Ukrainians, Russians, Lezghins, Kurds and other peoples live here. After Russia annexed Baku, it became a cosmopolitan city. Until 1949, Azerbaijanis did not constitute a majority, but after several ethnic conflicts arose, the Russian and Armenian populations suddenly left the country.
The city of Baku is a pearl on the shores of the gentle Caspian Sea. There are many beautiful megalopolises in the Caucasus, but the main city of Azerbaijan has a special and unique beauty. Now, if you are asked: "Baku is the capital of which country?" - you can definitely answer.