The modern sphere of prosthetics is developing rapidly, which allows to improve the standard of living of people who, for certain reasons, have lost limbs.
Today, leg prostheses are becoming high-tech devices. An important breakthrough in prosthetics was biomechatronics. With its help, a new generation of bioelectric prostheses began to be manufactured. They record electrical signals during muscle contraction of a damaged limb, which allows for a wide variety of movements. At the same time, their functionality may even exceed the possibility of healthy legs.
Some of them can be programmed for individual movements. In addition, leg prostheses can have a special silicone coating that perfectly masks the defect, which helps to hide the absence of a limb and reduce unwanted attention from surrounding people.
The last achievement in the field of prosthetics is osteointegration (implantation of a prosthesis into a bone). This technique can significantly reduce rubbing or stump injuries, as well as fully control the artificial limb. Such prostheses of the legs at the exit from the bone tissue are covered with a special material that not only mimics the presence of tissues, but also perfectly protects against various infections.
The most popular prostheses for the lower extremities are models with electric motors. They are characterized by a hydraulic drive, include a microprocessor and special software.
These leg prostheses began to be produced since 1997, but have already managed to become classics. They are more functional in comparison with mechanical models, have three operating modes, as well as remote control. This allows a person to forget about the artificiality of his leg, because it allows not only to walk, but also to climb stairs or ride a bicycle.
In 2006, an electronic module with artificial intelligence was created. Thanks to the efficient operation of sensors and microprocessors, it takes into account the characteristics of a person’s gait, and also regulates the fluid level in an artificial joint, which allows for additional comfort when moving the body.
It is worth noting that the key problem in the development of artificial limbs was the creation of an optimal fulcrum regarding the full functioning of the foot. Modern prostheses for legs are developed taking into account this feature. So, they are equipped with complex hydraulic systems that simulate the position of the foot when walking, standing or running.
I must say that high-quality prosthetics is necessary for the effective restoration of the motor and supporting function of a lost limb. Foot prostheses, the price of which varies widely, can avoid many problems, including helping to maintain balance. In addition, modern artificial limbs make it possible not only to walk, but also to run, go climbing, surfing, skiing or ice skating, so it can be argued that there are only insufficiently effective prosthetics technologies, and not people with disabilities.