An example of adjacency in Russian. Joining collocations: examples

A phrase is a structural unit of a language consisting of two or more words united by a subordinate link. One of them is considered the main, the rest are dependent. From the first to the second one can pose a question. Example: go (where?) To the store. The main and controlled words have in common with each other in meaning and grammatically.

In the Russian language there are only three types of subordination: coordination, management, adjacency.

You must be able to distinguish different phrases from phrases that are not.

What can not be attributed to phrases?

Quite often, people take for a phrase any pair of words that are related. A similar misunderstanding arises because of their illiteracy and lack of knowledge of the rules of the Russian language. It should be remembered that the phrase can not be attributed:

• the basis of the sentence (he danced);
• phraseological units and stable combinations (catch by surprise);
• comparative degree of adjective or adverb (more touching, less burgundy);
• the form of the complex future tense of the verb (I will bounce);
• a combination of a union word or preposition and a significant part of speech (towards the wind, like glass);
• words associated with a compositional union (red and green);
• participial, participial, comparative turns with the word to which they refer.

Now that we have found out which elements are not phrases, we will get acquainted with their varieties. Consider the example of adjacency, coordination, control. This will help us easily recognize the types of phrases in the sentence.

Collocation with abutment relationship: examples

With the type of connection, the adjunction of the main and dependent words are combined only in meaning and intonation. This is due to the fact that the managed term is always expressed by the unchanging part of speech.

Let's take a closer look at the abutment. Examples of phrases with immutable parts of speech you see in the table.

It is important to remember that there are two categories of pronouns, which are homonyms: personal and possessive. The former are involved in the formation of phrases with the type of control connection, the latter are adjoining. You can distinguish them by raising the question correctly.

To begin, consider the type of connection abutment. Examples: pants (whose?) Him, opinion (whose?) Her, song (whose?) Them.

For management, another question is characteristic: “Who?”. For example, to photograph (whom?) Him, draw (whom?) Her, hear (whom?) Them.

The main word in the adjunction: what is expressed

The main word can be expressed: a verb, an adjective, an adverb or a noun. For better assimilation of the material, consider an example of adjacency:

• Fly (how?) Fast. The main word is expressed by a verb, the dependent by an adverb.
• Skirt (what?) Flared (noun and immutable adjective).
• Funny (how?) Is incredible. The main member is an adjective, governed - an adverb.
• It's wonderful (how much?) Too (a combination of two adverbs).

How to find an adjunction in a sentence?

Finding collocations in the text can be difficult. In order to cope with this task, it is necessary not only to learn theoretical material, but also to practice determining the type of phrases.

To consolidate the knowledge gained, let us examine an example of adjacency in a sentence: "He always dreamed of drawing better." To find the necessary phrase, we will follow the algorithm:

1. Find the basis of the proposal. The subject - “he”, the predicate - “dreamed”;
2. From the word “dreamed” we ask questions to minor members: dreamed (what?) To draw.
3. Define the parts of speech. The main word is expressed by the verb in the past tense, the dependent by the infinitive.
4. We recall the theory: if the dependent word is expressed by the unchanging part of speech , it is adjacency.

We examined phrases with the type of connection adjacency in Russian. Examples will help you better understand the information received. And the algorithm used is useful in other cases.

However, do not forget that in addition to adjoining, there are other types of subordination. Let us recall them, if necessary, in the text.

Matching

When agreed, the managed word is likened in its grammatical form to the main one. That is, it changes its gender, number, case in accordance with the situation.

The main word for this type of connection is expressed by a noun. The dependent may be:

• pronoun (my purchase, your choice, our convertible);
• full and short adjective (green dress, beautiful sunset, full house), but this category does not fit a simple comparative degree and excellent education from it;
• Communion (work done, prepared report, earned money);
• a noun if it adapts to the characteristics of the main word (by the dad-director, to the uncle-trainer);
• quantitative numeral in the form of an indirect case (both girls, both applicants);
• ordinal numeral (sixth week, eighth attempt, third representatives).

Control

In a connection of type control, the dependent word is likened to the main one only in the case. The governing term is usually expressed by a verb, adjective, noun or quantitative numeral.

As a dependent word in combinations of this type are nouns, pronouns. A few examples:

• He looked (at whom?) Sweetheart. The main word is a verb, dependent - a noun that has passed from the category of adjectives (substantiated).
• He touched (to whom?) To her. Verb and pronoun with a preposition.
• Started (what?) A car. The first word is expressed by a past tense verb, the second by a noun in the accusative case.

Samples of combinations with control and coordination, as well as an example of adjacency, will help you easily determine the type of subordinate connection in the phrase, if such a need arises.